Healing and Repairing - part 2
Part 1 here
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(1) Then Yaakov went on his journey, and came to the land of the children of the east. (2) He looked, and behold, a well in the field, and, behold, three flocks of sheep lying there by it. For out of that well they watered the flocks. The stone on the wellâs mouth was large. (3) There all the flocks were gathered. They rolled the stone from the wellâs mouth, and watered the sheep, and put the stone again on the wellâs mouth in its place. (4) Yaakov said to them, âMy relatives, where are you from?â They said, âWe are from Haran.â (5) He said to them, âDo you know Lavan, the son of Nahor?â They said, âWe know him.â (6) He said to them, âIs it well with him?â They said, âIt is well. See, Rachel, his daughter, is coming with the sheep.â (7) He said, âBehold, it is still the middle of the day, not time to gather the livestock together. Water the sheep, and go and feed them.â (8) They said, âWe cannot, until all the flocks are gathered together, and they roll the stone from the wellâs mouth. Then we water the sheep.â (9) While he was yet speaking with them, Rachel came with her fatherâs sheep, for she kept them. (10) It happened, when Yaakov saw Rachel the daughter of Lavan, his motherâs brother, and the sheep of Lavan, his motherâs brother, that Yaakov went near, and rolled the stone from the wellâs mouth, and watered the flock of Lavan his motherâs brother. (Bereishit 29:1-10)
When he arrives in Lavanâs town Yaakov displays great strength; once again, we are force to wonder just how different Esav and Yaakov truly are. Yaakov behaves in a manner that conjures up memories of his motherâs behavior as he waters the parched flock. Without a word, Yaakov shows that he is worthy, that he is the son of Rivka. For the first time, Yaakov displays a character trait we have not yet seen in him. Now, Yaakov performs an act of chesed.
The text of the verses that follow paint a striking picture, a complex personality profile: Yaakov is destitute; he is both humble and willing to work, and most importantly, his love for Rachel is absolute. Again, the scene must be contrasted with the servant of Avraham. This time there is no jewelry, only seven years of labor to earn the hand of his beloved Rachel in marriage.
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(11) Yaakov kissed Rachel, and lifted up his voice, and wept. (12) Yaakov told Rachel that he was her fatherâs brother, and that he was Rivkaâs son. She ran and told her father. (13) It happened, when Lavan heard the news of Yaakov, his sisterâs son, that he ran to meet Yakkov, and embraced him, and kissed him, and brought him to his house. Yaakov told Lavan all these things. (14) Lavan said to him, âSurely you are my bone and my flesh.â He lived with him for a month. (15) Lavan said to Yaakov, âBecause you are my brother, should you, therefore, serve me for nothing? Tell me, what will your wages be?â (16) Lavan had two daughters. The name of the elder was Leah, and the name of the younger was Rachel. (17) Leahâs eyes were weak, but Rachel was beautiful in form and attractive. (18) Yaakov loved Rachel. He said, âI will serve you seven years for Rachel, your younger daughter.â(19) Lavan said, âIt is better that I give her to you, than that I should give her to another man. Stay with me.â(20) Yaakov served seven years for Rachel. They seemed to him but a few days, for the love he had for her. (Bereishit 29:11-20)
The days and years fly by; at last, Yaakov the earnest, honest, hard worker, reminds his boss that the time for his marriage has arrived:
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(21) Yaakov said to Lavan, âGive me my wife, for my days are fulfilled, that I may go in to her.â (22) Lavan gathered together all the men of the place, and made a feast. (23) It happened in the evening, that he took Leah his daughter, and brought her to him. He went in to her. (24) Lavan gave Zilpah his handmaid to his daughter Leah for a handmaid. 25) It happened in the morning that, behold, it was Leah. He said to Lavan, âWhat is this you have done to me? Did I not serve with you for Rachel? Why then have you deceived me?â (26) Lavan said, âIt is not done so in our place, to give the younger before the firstborn. (27) Fulfill the week of this one, and we will give you the other also for the service which you will serve with me yet seven other years.â (Bereishit 29:21-27)
In the morning Yaakov is shocked to discover that he has been played for a fool. Lavan had deceived him; the woman he found in his bed was Leah, the elder sister of his beloved Rachel. Yaakov is outraged; he confronts his father in law, and demands that Lavan explain his audacity and duplicity. Lavanâs response is a slap in the face:
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(26) Lavan said, âIt is not done so in our place, to give the younger before the firstborn. (27) Fulfill the week of this one, and we will give you the other also for the service which you will serve with me yet seven other years.â (Bereishit 29:26,27)
Lavan snaps back at Yaakov: Here, we maintain the proper order between siblings, we protect the natural rights of the elder before the younger.
Although Yaakov knows that he shouldnât be shocked by deceit when dealing with a person like Lavan,[14] it is not Lavan who is on his mind. Yaakov intuits that this is a punishment from God for his own act of deception.[15] In the darkness of the night, he was blind to the true identity of his companion. He had been unable to distinguish between the two sisters, just as his father had been blind to Yaakovâs true identity when he impersonated his brother Esav.
The unlikely marriage of Yaakov and Leah began with a strange point of commonality: each of them had impersonated a sibling to fool an unsuspecting victim. Perhaps he and Leah could somehow make their marriage work, for Yaakov could not judge her without judging himself.
Yaakov invested seven more years of work to earn the hand of Rachel in marriage. Yaakov, who perhaps more than anything desired an uncomplicated life, suddenly found himself entangled in incessant complexity and intrigue. Being married to two sisters would be quite a challenge. Especially when we realize that each sister wanted what the other had.
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(28) Yaakov did so and fulfilled her week. He gave him Rachel his daughter as a wife. (29) Lavan gave Bilhah his handmaid, to his daughter Rachel, to be her handmaid. (30) He went in also to Rachel, and he loved also Rachel more than Leah and served with him yet seven other years. (31) Hashem saw that Leah was hated, and he opened her womb, but Rachel was barren. (Bereishit 29:28-31)
Rachel desperately wanted a child,[16] and Leah, who had many children, pined for her husbandâs love and affection.[17]
The tension reaches a crescendo on what appears to be a completely ordinary day, which differs in only one small detail: On this day, Leahâs eldest son Reuven finds a particular plant, and brings them to his forlorn mother[18]:
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(14) Reuven went, in the days of wheat harvest, and found dudaâim in the field, and brought them to his mother, Leah. Then Rachel said to Leah, âPlease give me some of your sonâs dudaâim.â (15) She said to her, âIs it a small matter that you have taken away my husband? Would you also take away my sonâs dudaâim?â Rachel said, âTherefore he will lie with you tonight in exchange for your sonâs dudaâim.â (16) Yaakov came from the field in the evening, and Leah went out to meet him, and said, âYou must come in to me; for I have hired you with my sonâs dudaâim;â and he lay with her that night. (Bereishit 30:14-16)
These dudaim,[19] which have been associated with mandrakes, have been reputed to possess several qualities:[20] they are an aphrodisiac[21] and enhance fertility,[22] but they are also reportedly a hallucinogenic substance.[23]
Apparently, Leah wants the aphrodisiac to attract her husband who loves another more than he loves her. Her sister, the âcompetition,â wants the dudaâim to resolve her infertility.[24] One wonders, what Reuven was doing with them himself â other than helping his mother? Could the other properties of the dudaâim[25] shed light on the episode between Reuven and Bilhah, explaining Reuvenâs clouded judgment and enflamed passions?[26]
The two sisters barter between them, and a deal is struck; Yaakov is moved like chattel (or worse) and perhaps not for the first time, the sisters decide among themselves with whom Yaakov will sleep.[27] As a result of the deal they strike, each gets what they she was seeking: Leah is given quality time with Yaakov,[28] while Rachel gets the cure that she believes will help her achieve her goal of motherhood.[29]
We wonder if the act of being bartered reminded Yaakov of his own bartering, when he exchanged some beans for his brotherâs birthright? There is at least one linguistic clue that points us in this direction:
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Yaakov came from the field in the evening, and Leah went out to meet him, and said, âYou must come in to me; for I have surely hired you with my sonâs mandrakes.â He lay with her that night. (Bereishit 30:16)
×ך×ש×ת (׀ךשת ת××××ת) ׀ךק ×× ×€×¡××§ ××
×Ö·×֌֥֞×Ö¶× ×Ö·×¢Ö²×§Ö¹Ö× × Öž×ÖŽÖ×× ×Ö·×֌֞×Ö¹Ö¥× ×¢Öµ×©×ÖžÖ× ×ÖŽ×ÖŸ×ַש֌×Öž×Ö¶Ö× ×Ö°×Ö¥×ÖŒ× ×¢Öž×ֵ֜ף:
Yaakov cooked a stew and Esav came from the field, and he was exhausted. (Bereishit 25:29)
In both of these instances it seems that the object that was âsoldâ in exchange for produce was not the sort of thing that can be bought.
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(30) Esav said to Yaakov, âPlease feed me with that very red stew, for I am exhausted.â Therefore, his name was called Edom. (31) Yaakov said, âFirst, sell me your birthright.â(32) Esav said, âBehold, I am about to die. What good is the birthright to me?â (33) Yaakov said, âSwear to me today,â and he swore to him and sold his birthright to Yaakov. (34) Yaakov gave Esav bread and lentil stew. He ate and drank, rose up, and went his way, and Esav despised the birthright. (Bereishit 30:34)
Does Yaakov sense the irony of two siblings, the younger and older, once again trading for something sacred? Does Yaakov experience catharsis, sensing that he deserves this treatment?[30] Is his lack of resistance an indication that he knows that he must accept it, just as he accepted his marriage to Leah? Although his statement to his father, âI am Esav your firstborn,â may have been technically true after he purchased the birthright, Yaakov understands that as a result he must live the life of that firstborn as well - and that includes being married to Leah.
Though Yaakov could perhaps defend his actions, he most certainly lived with the consequences. The wealth that he accrues, perhaps by virtue of having received the blessing for physical plenty, comes only as a result of twenty years of hard labor, and even then, only when he manages to outsmart Lavan. We sense that all the trials and tribulations endured by Yaakov were designed to repair â to create what rabbinic literature describes as a tikkun â his questionable, though perhaps defensible, behavior of his youth.
Now that he has been somehow cleansed, uplifted, ârepairedâ through these âtikkunimâ Yaakov is ready to return home. Esav is waiting for him, but this is not the same Yaakov. One more tikkun will still be needed before the confrontation with Esav â a powerful tikkun which will reveal that a new identity, a force to be reckoned with, called Yisrael, is about to emerge. That tikkun lies just ahead.[31] That final tikkun can only be accomplished by a spiritually enlightened, powerful Yaakov who has faced his past and elevated it, is now ready to return to the promised land and set Godâs promise in motion.
----------------------------
[14] Lest one think this statement contains an unfair assessment of Lavan, a careful reading of Lavanâs role which includes âmirroringâ, manipulation and deceit, can all be discerned in chapter 24.
[15] See Rabbi Chaim Joseph David Azulai (Chida) in his Nahal Kedumim Parashat Vayetze.
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[16] Bereishit 30:1-2.
×ך×ש×ת ׀ךשת ×××Š× ×€×š×§ × ×€×¡××§ × - ×,
(×) ×Ö·×ªÖŒÖµÖ£×šÖ¶× ×šÖž×ÖµÖ× ×ÖŒÖŽÖ£× ×Ö¹Ö€× ×ÖžÖœ×Ö°×Öž×Ö ×Ö°×Ö·×¢Ö²×§Ö¹Ö× ×Ö·×ªÖŒÖ°×§Ö·× ÖŒÖµÖ¥× ×šÖž×ÖµÖ× ×֌ַ×Ö²×ֹת֞Ö×ÖŒ ×ַת֌ֹր××ֶך ×Ö¶Öœ×ÖŸ×Ö·×¢Ö²×§Ö¹×Ö ×ÖžÖœ×Öž×ÖŸ×ÖŒÖŽÖ£× ×Öž× ÖŽÖ×× ×Ö°×ÖŽ×ÖŸ×Ö·Ö×ÖŽ× ×Öµ×ªÖžÖ¥× ×Öž× Ö¹Öœ×ÖŽ×: (×) ×Ö·×֌֎֜×ַך֟×Ö·Ö¥×£ ×Ö·×¢Ö²×§Ö¹Ö× ×֌ְך֞×ÖµÖ× ×Ö·×֌ֹÖ××ֶך ×ֲתַր×ַת ×Ö±×Ö¹×ÖŽ××Ö ×Öž× Ö¹Ö×ÖŽ× ×ֲש×ֶך֟×Öž× Ö·Ö¥×¢ ×ÖŽ×֌ֵÖ×Ö° ׀֌ְך֎×ÖŸ×ÖžÖœ×Ö¶×:
Rachel saw that she had not born children to Yaakov, and Rachel became envious of her sister. She said to Yaakov, "Give me children! If not, I am dead! Yaakov grew angry at Rachel and he said, "Am I in place of God who has kept from you fruit of the womb?
[17] The pain of Leah is particularly felt when she names her children.
[18] Tzror Hamor Bereishit 30:14
׊ך×ך ×××ך ×¢× ×ך×ש×ת ׀ךק × ×€×¡××§ ××
××ך ×× ××ך ×××× ×š×××× ×××× ×§×Š×ך ×××× ××××Š× ×××××× ×ש××, ××ש××× ×ª××ת ×××
[19] Aryeh Kaplan in âThe Living Torahâ notes on this verse:
dudaâim
(Targum; Ibn Ezra; Radak, Sherashim; Josephus). Dudaim in Hebrew, from the word dodim denoting passion or carnal love (Radak, Sherashim; cf. Ezekiel 16:8, 23:17, Proverbs 7:16). It was called this because of its use as an aphrodisiac and fertility potion (Midrash Ne'elam, Zohar 1:134b). The mandrake (mandragora officinarum) is a herb of the beladonna or potato family. It has a thick perenial root, often split down the middle, like the lower limbs of the human body. Stalkless, it has large leaves that straddle the ground and violet flowers (cf. Rashi). In the spring, its yellow fruit, the size of a tomato, ripens. This fruit can have an intoxicating fragrance (Song of Songs 7:14).
The variety found by Reuben was a rare, extinct species that gives off deadly fumes when pulled from the ground (Midrash Aggadah on Genesis 49:14, quoted in Tzeror HaMor as Midrash HaGaluy; Toledoth Yitzchak on Genesis 49:14. Cf Niddah 31a; Josephus, Wars 7:6:3). In the Talmud, there appears to be a dispute as to whether Reuben brought home the violet flowers, the fruits or the roots (Sanhedrin 99b). Other sources indicate that he brought home two fruits (Tzava'ath Yissachar 1:3,5,7; Josephus, Antiquities 1:19:8).
Obviously, the Patriarchs and Matriarchs knew how to use these plants in mystical ways (Genesis 30:37). Still, Rachel did not bear children because of the mandrakes, but because of her prayers (Genesis 30:2, 30:22; cf. Zohar 1:157b). According to one ancient source, Rachel did not eat the mandrakes, but offered them to God (Tzava'ath Yissachar 2:6).
[20] See Seforno Bereishit 30:15, Alshech 30:14,15
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(××) ×× ×××š× ×× ×××¢× ×§××ª× ×ת ×××©× ×©××× ×׊×× ××תך ××× ×ק׊××. ×¢× ×× ×ש××× ×š×× ××× ×ש×× ×¢×× ××××× ××'. ×× ×××š× ××× ××××, ×× × ××€× × ×©××©× ××ך×× ××××ת ×××, ××× ×× ×× × × ×ª×ª× ×©×€××ª× ×××ש×. ××¢×× ×©× ×ת ×× ×× ×× ××× ××××ª× ××©×¢× ×¢× ××× ×ת ×××¢××ת ××××× ×××××××, ×× ××× ×©××× ×××××× ×× × ×©××× ××§×Š×ª× ××× × ××ª× × ×× ×××× ×××××š× ×ª×ת ××××× ×× ×, ××× ×××š× ××× ×××××× ×× ×, ש××× ××××, ×××ך×ת ×× ×©×ª× ×× ××××× × ××', ×× ××× ×××ת שתע××× ××, ×× ×¢× ×× ×׀שך שש××ª× ×š×× ×××€×§× ×¢× ××ך ש×××× ××× ×©× × ×× ×× ××ת ××ך ×¢× ×× ×××××××, ×××ך ×× ×××××ך ××××× ×ת ך×× ××××ך ××××× ××× ××××××××, ×× ××ך×× ×¢× ××××××× ×©×ת×, ×× ×ª×ש×× ×©×× ×©×¢××× ××, ×× ××××ת ××ך ××× ×××ך ×× ××ך ×××ª× ×××××, ××¢× ×× ×©××ª× ×¢× ×©×ך××ת ×× ×©×× ××××× ×× ×××××××. ×¢×× ×©××ש×ת ×× ×¢×©×ª× ××××× ×××¢×©× ×ך×× ×©××¢×× ×× ××××× ×©×¢× ×©××ª× ×©××× ×××©× ×××× ×××§×ת ××שק ×××©× ×××× ×€×§× ×××ª× ×', ×× ×¢×©×ª× ××× ××ך×××ª× ××שק ×× ×ךץ ××× ×׊××ª× ×××¢× ×ª×¢×ך ××× ×× ×× ×××× ×ת ××תך ××׊×××§ ××××:
××¢× ×שך ××¢×š× × ××¢× ×× ×ת××š× ×©×׊×× ×××ך××× ××××, ××××ת ×©× ×©××× × ××× ×©×××š× ×"×, ××¢× ×שת××××ª× ×©×ש×× ×¢×× ××××× ××× ××× ×¢×Š×š× ×× ×¢× ×× ××× ×¢×× ×ª× ×××ת××, ×¢× ×סך×× ×"× ×××ת ××××, ×××× ×ש×× ×× ×× ×××עת ×ת××š× ×©××× ××ת ך×××× ×××× ×§×Š×ך ××××, ×× ×¢× ×× × ×××××¢× ×× × ×ת××š× ××ך ×××ª× ×Š×š×× ×××, ×× ×× ××××××× ××Š× ××××× ×× ×× ×××ת ×××× ×§×Š×ך ×××××, ×× ××× ×¡×€×§ ×× ×ת××ת ××¢× ×× ×š××× ×ª×ךת×× × ××ª× ×Š××ת ×× ××× ×× ×ª×š×× ×ך××׀ת ×ש×× ×ת ××ש×, ×× ××¢× ×× ×Š×ת ×ך××× ×§××ש ××××××× ××××ª× × ××©× ××× ×ת×ך×, ×××ש×× - ×× ×©×× ×׊××ª× ××××× ××××ª× ×× ××ך - ×× ×׀שך ש××× ××××× ×××× ××× ×©×××¢×ת ××× ××ª× ×ª×ך×, ××' ×׊××× × ××××ך ×ת××š×ª× ××ך ×שך ×× ××× ×××××, ×××× ×× ××שך × ×ª×××ס ×× ××€×¡× ×× ×§×Š×ך ×שע×ך×× ×× ×× ×ש×××¢×ת ×× ×§×Š×ך ×××××, ×× ×¢× ×× ××€×¡× ××× ×§×š× ×¢××ך ×שע×ך×× ×××× ×ש×××¢×ת ×©×ª× ×××× ××××××, ×××€×ך×ש ×××¡× ×ª×ךת×× × ×× ×ש×××¢×ת ×× ×§×Š×ך ×××××, ×××××š× ×¢× ×× ×ש×××¢×ת ×׀ךשת ×× ×ª×©× ××××š× ×§×Š×ך ××××, ×××ך ×××ך ×××š× ××ך×ש×ת ך×× (×¢×) ×××× ×š×××× ×××× ×§×Š×ך ×××× ××××ך ×× ××× × ××' ×׀ךשת ×ש׀××× ××× ×ק׊×ך ××':
×××× ×ת×× ×× ×× ×××ך ××ת×× ×××× ×š×××× ×××× ×§×Š×ך ×××× ××× ×¢×š× ×©×××¢×ת ש×× × ×׊×××× ×ק׊×ך ×××× ××××€× ×©××××× ××× ××× ×©×××¢×ת ××× ××× ××ª× ×ª×ך×, ×× ××× ×¡×€×§ ש×× ×ª××ך ×ת××š× ×ת××ך ס××× ×× ×¢× ×§×Š×ך ×××× ×ש××× ×׊××, ךק ×¢× ××× ×§×Š×ך ×××× ××׊×××× ×××ª× ×ת×ך×, ××× ×§×Š×ך ×××× ×¢××× ××ס׀ך ×§×× ××ס׀ך ××× ×©×××¢×ת, ×××€× ××, ××××× ×©×××š× ×š×× ××× ××× ×©×××¢×ת. ×××× ×׊××ª× ×š×××ª× ××× ××¢× ×× ×××ך ך×× ×××××š× ××× ×ש×× ×¢×× ×× ××××× ×××××× ×××ת ××× ××סך ×××× ×××× ××ךת, ×× ××ך ×××× ×××š× ×× ××× ×ש×× ×¢×× ××××× ×× ××× ××§×× ×××ך ××××× ××× ××"× ××× ××××× ××× ××' ×××× ××× ×××ך ×××, ×ך××× ×ש×× ×¢×× ××××× ×¢×Š××, ××× ×××ת ×××××, ש××× ××× ×š×Š×× ×©× ××ª× ×ª×ך×, ××¢× ×× ××Š× ×שש×ך ש×× ×ª×ךת ×שך×× ××× ×ש×××, ×××× ××××š× ×× ××××©× ×ך××× ×× ×××©× ××××©× ×ª×ך×, ××¢× ×× ×× ×ª××©× ××××× ×׊××ª× ×קך××ª× ×××ת ×ך××§×ת ×××ך ××× ×ª×× ×שש××š× ×××ª× ×©× ×š×× ×"× ×××× ×××××. × ×׊×× ×× ×ך××¢× ××ך×× ×××× × ××× ×עש×ת ×××¢×©× ××× ×ש××©× ×©××××š× × ××ך×××¢× ×××:
[21] See Zohar Berirshit 140b,165b.
××ך ×× ××§×/תך×××/ ×××§ × ××£ ×§×/×
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â]×Ö·×֌ֵ×Ö¶×Öž ךְ××ÖŒ×Öµ× ×֌֎××Öµ× ×§Ö°×ŠÖŽ×ך ×ÖŽ×֌֎×× ×Ö·×֌֎×Ö°×ŠÖž× ××ÖŒ×Öž×ÖŽ×× ×֌ַש֌֞×Ö¶× ×Ö°××Ö¹'. ש×Öž× ÖŽ×× ×ÖŒ, ×ÖŒ×ֹס ש×Ö¶× ×֌ְך֞×Öž× ×Öµ×× ×֎תְ×֌֞ךֶ×ֶת ×Ö¶×ÖŒÖž× ×ÖŒÖ°×ŠÖ·× ×Öž×ÖŽ××, ×ÖŒ×֎ש֌××ÖŒ× ×֌֞×Ö°, ×֌ְע×Ö¹× ×©×Ö¶×֌֎תְע×ֹךֵך ×Ö·×֌֞×ÖŽ×× ×Ö°××ֹס ש×Ö¶× ×֌ְך֞×Öž×, ×ַש֌ְ×Ö¹×× ×Ö¹× ×ªÖ°×¡Ö·×֌ַע ×ְש×Öž×, ש×Ö¶×Ö²×šÖµ× ×Ö·×֌֞×ÖŽ×× ××Ö¹×ŠÖµ× ×¢ÖŽ×ÖŒÖž× ×֌ַ×ÖŒ×ֹס ×Ö·×ÖŽ×× ×Ö°×¢×ֹךֵך ×֌ְ×Ö·×€ÖŒÖµ× ×Öž×¢×Ö¹×Öž× ×Öž×¢Ö¶×Ö°××Ö¹×. ×Ö°×ַס֌ֵתֶך ×Ö·×֌ֶ×, ×Ö·×֌ֵ×Ö¶×Ö° ךְ××ÖŒ×Öµ×, ×Ö¶× ×ŠÖ·× ×Ö·×֌֞ך×Ö¹×, ×֎ש֌××ÖŒ× ×֌֞×Ö° ×֌֎×Ö°××Ö¹ ×֌ַ×֌֞ך×Ö¹×, ש×Ö¶××ÖŒ× ×šÖ¹××©× ×֎ש×Ö°× Öµ×× ×¢Öž×©×֞ך ×ַת֌ְ××ÖŒ×ÖŽ××, ×֌תְש××֌ק֞ת×Ö¹ ש×Ö¶× ×ŠÖ·× ×Ö·×֌֞ך×Ö¹× ×ÖŽ×Ö°×ŠÖ¹× ×¢ÖŽ×ÖŒÖž× ×ְת֎קְךֹ×ֶת ×Ö·×֌ְ×ÖŽ××šÖž× ×Ö°×֞ךֵ×Ö° ××ֹת֞×ÖŒ.]â
â]×Ö·× ×֌֞ת×ÖŒ×? ×Ö·×֌֎×Ö°×ŠÖž× ××ÖŒ×Öž×ÖŽ×× ×֌ַש֌֞×Ö¶×. ×Öž×Ö·×Ö° ×Ö°×Ö·×€ÖŒÖµ×©× ×֌ְ×Öž× ××Ö¹×ªÖž× ×Ö·×ÖŒÖ°× Öž×ÖŽ×× ×©×Ö¶×֌֞×ÖŒ, ×ÖŒ×Öž×ŠÖž× ×֌ַש֌֞×Ö¶× ×Ö·×ÖŒ×Ö¹ ××Ö¹×ªÖž× ×Ö·×ÖŒ×ÖŒ×Öž×ÖŽ××, ×Ö·×¢Ö²×Öµ××Ö¶× × Ö¶×Ö±×ַך ×Ö·×ÖŒ×ÖŒ×Öž×ÖŽ×× × Öž×ªÖ°× ×ÖŒ ךֵ××Ö·, ×Ö°××Ö¹×ªÖž× ×©×Ö°× Öµ× ×ְך×ÖŒ×ÖŽ×× ×©×Ö¶×Öµ× ×ַת֌֎ק֌×ÖŒ× ÖŽ×× ×©×Ö¶×֌֞×ÖŒ, ×Ö°×Öž×¢ÖŽ×ך ×֎תְע×ֹךְך×֌ת ×Ö°×Ö·×¢Ö°×Öž×, ש×Ö¶×Ö²×šÖµ× ×֌ְ×Öž× ××Ö¹×ªÖž× ×ַת֌֎ק֌×ÖŒ× ÖŽ×× ×©×Ö¶× ×ַש֌֞×Ö¶× ×Ö·×ÖŒ×Ö¹ ×Öµ×× ×ªÖŒÖŽ×§ÖŒ×ÖŒ× ×©×Ö¶×֌ְע×ֹךֵך ×֌ְ×Ö·×€ÖŒÖµ× ×Ö·×¢Ö°×Öž×, ךַק ×Ö·×֌ְך×ÖŒ×ÖŽ××.]â
â]×Öž×ªÖ·× ×ŠÖ·× ×Ö·×֌֞ך×Ö¹× ×֎תְע×ֹךֵך ×Öµ×Ö¶××Öž ×ÖŽ×Ö°×ŠÖ¹× ×¢ÖŽ×ÖŒÖž× ×Ö°×֞ךֵ×Ö° ××ֹת֞×ÖŒ? ×֌֎××Öµ× ×§Ö°×ŠÖŽ×ך ×ÖŽ×֌֎××, ×֌֎×Ö°×Ö·× ×©×Ö¶×֌ְ×Ö·×֌ֶקֶת ×Öµ×Ö¶×§ ש×Öž×Öž× ×Ö°××ÖŒ×Ö°××֌סֶ××Öž, ×Ö°×Öž× ×§×Ö¹×ŠÖ°×šÖµ× ×ַש֌֞×Ö¶×. ×ÖŽ×ÖŒÖž× - ×Ö·×֌֞×Öµ× ×Ö¹×ªÖž× ×Ö¶× ×Öµ×Öž× ×ÖŽ×ÖŒ×Ö¹. ×Ö·×¢Ö²×Ö¶× ×šÖµ××Ö· ×Ö°×֎תְע×ֹךְך×ÖŒ×ªÖž× ×Öž×¢×Ö¹×Öž× ×Öž×¢Ö¶×Ö°××Ö¹×, ×Öž×¢×Ö¹×Öž× ×Ö·× ÖŒÖŽ×ְסֶ×, ×֎ש֌××ÖŒ× ×©×Ö¶×֌ֵע֎×ך (ש××¢×ךך) ×֌ְך֞××ֹת ×Öž×¢×Ö¹×Öž× ×ַת֌ַ×ְת֌×Ö¹×.]â
]×Ö·× ×֌֞ת×ÖŒ×? ×Ö·×֌֎×Ö°×ŠÖž× ××ÖŒ×Öž×ÖŽ×× ×֌ַש֌֞×Ö¶×. ×Öž×Ö·×Ö° ×Ö°×Ö·×€ÖŒÖµ×©× ×֌ְ×Öž× ××Ö¹×ªÖž× ×Ö·×ÖŒÖ°× Öž×ÖŽ×× ×©×Ö¶×֌֞×ÖŒ, ×ÖŒ×Öž×ŠÖž× ×֌ַש֌֞×Ö¶× ×Ö·×ÖŒ×Ö¹ ××Ö¹×ªÖž× ×Ö·×ÖŒ×ÖŒ×Öž×ÖŽ××, ×Ö·×¢Ö²×Öµ××Ö¶× × Ö¶×Ö±×ַך ×Ö·×ÖŒ×ÖŒ×Öž×ÖŽ×× × Öž×ªÖ°× ×ÖŒ ךֵ××Ö·, ×Ö°××Ö¹×ªÖž× ×©×Ö°× Öµ× ×ְך×ÖŒ×ÖŽ×× ×©×Ö¶×Öµ× ×ַת֌֎ק֌×ÖŒ× ÖŽ×× ×©×Ö¶×֌֞×ÖŒ, ×Ö°×Öž×¢ÖŽ×ך ×֎תְע×ֹךְך×֌ת ×Ö°×Ö·×¢Ö°×Öž×, ש×Ö¶×Ö²×šÖµ× ×֌ְ×Öž× ××Ö¹×ªÖž× ×ַת֌֎ק֌×ÖŒ× ÖŽ×× ×©×Ö¶× ×ַש֌֞×Ö¶× ×Ö·×ÖŒ×Ö¹ ×Öµ×× ×ªÖŒÖŽ×§ÖŒ×ÖŒ× ×©×Ö¶×֌ְע×ֹךֵך ×֌ְ×Ö·×€ÖŒÖµ× ×Ö·×¢Ö°×Öž×, ךַק ×Ö·×֌ְך×ÖŒ×ÖŽ××.]â
]×Öž×¢×Ö¹×Öž× ×ַת֌ַ×ְת֌×Ö¹× ×Ö¹× ×֎תְע×ֹךֵך ×Öž×¢×Ö¹×Öž× ×Öž×¢Ö¶×Ö°××Ö¹×, ×Ö¶×ÖŒÖž× ×֌ְש×Ö¶××Ö¹×ªÖž× ×ÖŒ×ÖŒ×Öž×ÖŽ×× × ×Ö¹×ªÖ°× ÖŽ×× ×šÖµ××Ö· ×Ö·×֌֞×ÖŽ××. ×֌ֵ××Öž× ×©×Ö¶×Öµ× × ×Ö¹×ªÖ°× ÖŽ×× ×šÖµ××Ö· ×Ö·×֌֞×ÖŽ××, ×Ö°×Ö·×֌֞×ÖŽ×× ×֎תְע×ֹךֵך ×Öž×¢×Ö¹×Öž× ×Öž×¢Ö¶×Ö°××Ö¹×, ×ÖŽ×ÖŒÖž× ×Öž×¢×Ö¹×Öž× ×ַת֌ַ×ְת֌×Ö¹× ×֎תְע×ֹךֵך ×֎ש×Ö°×Ö¹× ×Ö·× ×©ÖŒ×ֶ׊֌֞ך֎××Ö°. ×Ö·× ×֌֞ת×ÖŒ×? ×ַת֌ֹ××ֶך ך֞×Öµ× ×Ö¶× ×Öµ×Öž× ×ªÖŒÖ°× ÖŽ× × Öž× ×ÖŽ× ×ÖŽ×ÖŒ×ÖŒ×Öž×Öµ× ×ÖŒÖ°× Öµ×Ö°. ×ªÖŒÖµ× ×ÖŽ× ×֌ְך֞××ֹת ×Öµ××ֹת֞×ÖŒ ×Ö·×֎תְע×ֹךְך×֌ת ש×Ö¶× ××Ö¹×ªÖž× ×ÖŒ×ÖŒ×Öž×ÖŽ×× ×©×Ö¶×֌֎תְע×ֹךֵך ×Ö°×ŠÖ·× ×Ö·×֌֞×ÖŽ××.]â
[22] See Râ Dovid Tzvi Hoffman
ך×"׊ ×××€×× ×€×š×©×ª ××׊×
×××× ×š×××× ×××'. ×××ךע ×× ×תך×ש ס××× ××ס×ךת ×××€× ×××©× ×××¢×§× ×¢× ××× ×××, ×××€× ×©×××Š× ×׀ס××§ ××, ×× ×©××××ת ×שש×ך ××× ××× ×§×Š×š ××ך ×××××ª× ×©× ××, ש××š× ×× ×©×©×ª ×× ×× ×©× ××× × ×××× ×ª×× ××× ×©××¢ ×©× ×× ××× ×××תך. - ××××××, ××ש×× ××××. ×ך×ש×ת ך××7), ××× ×§××ס ×××× ×ª× ××× ×תך××× ×ס××š× ×תך×××× - ××ך××××, ×××š× ×× ×× ×©×ת×ך×× ××Š× ×ש××¢×× ÎŒÎ·~λα ΌαΜΎÏαγοÏÏ~Μ,8) mandragora vernalis, ×××ª× ×Š×× ×שך ××××× × ××ª× ×š×× × ×¢××9). ×€×ך×ת×× ×©× ×Š×× ×× (××¢×× ×ª×€×××× ×§×× ××) ×שךש×× × ×ש×× ×××× ×§×× ×ª×š××€× ×עקך×ת, ×× ××עת ×ך××"× ×ש×ךש ×××× "××× ×©×××ך×× ×¢××× ××× ×©×× ×©×××¢×× ××ך×××", ××× ××× ××× ××× ××××, ש×× ××ס××£ - "××× ×š×××ª× ×× ×××× ××¡×€×š× ×ך׀×××ת ××××ך×× ×××". ××× ××§××, ×× ××©× ××××××10), ×× ×ª××××š× × ×סע×× ×¢× ×ש×××ש ××× ××Š× ×עך××× ××× ×עך×ת ××ת××× ×¢×ª××§××, ×× ××× ××¢×××× ×©××××××× × ×¢×©× ×©×××ש ×׊××š× ××. ××¢× ××× ×× ×××× ××ס×׀ך ××× - ך×× ××קשת ××§×× ×× ××××××× ××××, ××× ××שת×ש ××× ××ש×ת ×ך×××. ת×××× ××× ×××× ××ת×. - ×××¢× ×§×ת×, ××××ך, ××× ×× ×× ×©×ת ×××¢×׀ת ×¢× ××× ××¢××? ××€× ×¡×€××š× × ×××× ×ª× ×©× ××× ×××ך "ש×× ××× ×× ××ס××× ×©×ª×× ×ת ׊ךת×, ×××ך×11) ×××©× ×× ×××ª× ×× ×ª×§× ×׊ך×ך" ×××', ×€×ך×ש ×× ××ת×× ×©×× ×ª×¢×©× ×××ת ××××ת×. - ×××§×ת, ××§×ך (××ש×× ×¢×ך ×××ª× ×ת×"× ×Š×š××× ××××ת ×××ש×), ××××ך ×××§×ת ×ת ××קשת ×××'. ×× ×××× ×©××× ×××š× ××ת ×׊×××§, ש×× ×× ××ס×׀ך ××׊×, ×©× ×ª× × ×ת ××××××× ×××××ª× ×××, ××× ×¢× ×× ×××ךת ×× ×š×× ××× ×ש×× ×××', ××××ך ×××××× ×©×× ×× ×××× ×××ת. - ש×ך ש×ךת××. ××× × ×ש ××× ×ש×× ×š×× ××©× ×שש×ך, ×× ××× ××× ×ש×× ×¡×ª××š× ××××××š× × ×©×. - ××××× ×××. ×××§×× ××××, ××× ××¢×× ××, ××.
[23] See âThe History and Uses of the Magical Mandrake, According to Modern Witchesâ BY ANGELICA CALABRESE JANUARY 12, 2016 https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/the-history-and-uses-of-the-magical-mandrake-according-to-modern-witches
âIn the Bibleâs Book of Genesis, mandrake root helps Rachel conceive Jacob, and in Greek mythology, Circe and Aphrodite are thought to use it as an aphrodisiac. But its powers are not only mythical: a member of the nightshade plant family, mandrake contains hallucinogenic and narcotic alkaloids. Dioscurides, a first-century Greek physician, tells us that a âwinecupfulâ of mandrake root (that is, mandrake root boiled in wine) was used as an anesthetic in ancient Rome. But be careful, he warnsâtake too much, and one might end up dead.â
[24] According to the Radak Bereishit 30:15 Yaakov spent more time with Rachel because she was upset due to her not having children.
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[25] The Ibn Ezra Bamidbar 2:2, and the Shla Parashat Bamidbar cites a tradition that the flag of Reuven represented the Mandrakes.
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[26] Reuven likely was staking his claim as heir of his father and considered Billah âmerelyâ a concubine. It is worthwhile to compare Reuvain to Adoniyahu. Also see Râ Shimon Sofer in his Shir Maon Bereishit 35:22.
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[27] See Rashi Bereishit 29:25
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×××× ××קך ××× × ××× ××× - ×Ö²×Öž× ×֌ַ×֌ַ×Ö°×Öž× ×Ö¹× ×Öž×Ö°×ªÖž× ×Öµ×Öž×, ×Ö°×€ÖŽ× ×©×Ö¶×֌֞סַך ×Ö·×¢Ö²×§Ö¹× ×¡ÖŽ××Öž× ÖŽ×× ×ְך֞×Öµ×, ×ÖŒ×ְש×ֶך֞×Ö²×ªÖž× ×šÖž×Öµ× ×©×Ö¶×֌ַ×Ö°× ÖŽ×ס֎×× ××Ö¹ ×Öµ×Öž× ×Öž×ְך֞×: ×¢Ö·×ְש×Öž× ×ªÖŒÖŽ×֌֞×Öµ× ×Ö²××ֹת֎×, ×¢Öž×Ö°×Öž× ×ÖŒ×Öž×¡Ö°×šÖž× ×Öž×ÖŒ ××Ö¹×ªÖž× ×¡ÖŽ××Öž× ÖŽ×× (××××× ×"×):
AND IT CAME TO PASS, THAT IN THE MORNING, BEHOLD, IT WAS LEAH âBut at night it was not Leah (i. e. he failed to recognise that it was Leah) because Yaakov had given Rachel certain secret signs by which they could at all times recognise one another, and when Rachel saw that they were about to bring Leah to him for the marriage ceremony, she thought, âMy sister may now be put to shameâ, and she therefore readily transmitted these signs to her (Megillah 13b).
[28] See Rav Yaakov Kamentsky, Emet LâYakov Bereishit 30:15.
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[29] See Bereishit Rabbah 72:3, Shir Hashirim Rabbah 7:12.
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[30] The Ohr Hachaim Bereishit 30:15, seems to sense that these two episodes are related.
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[31] See Explorations Expanded, Parashat Vayishlach.
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