Siman - Succah Daf 47
- שמיני ספק שביעי
At the bottom of Daf 46b, Rav Yehudah brei d’Rav Shmuel said in the name of Rav, regarding dwelling in a succah in galus, שמיני ספק שביעי שביעי לסוכה ושמיני לברכה – The eighth day that is possibly the seventh day, is treated as the seventh day regarding the succah and as the eighth day regarding the berachah for Yom Tov, which Rashi explains means that one mentions יום השמיני חג העצרת הזה in the Amidah, Bircas Hamazon and Kiddush. But Rebbe Yochanan says: שמיני לזה ולזה – It is treated as the eighth day regarding both the succah and the berachah. On our Daf, in the Gemara’s second interpretation of the machlokes, everybody agrees that we do not recite the berachah of לישב בסוכה. They only disagree with respect to dwelling in the succah on the eighth day. According to Rav Yehudah in the name of Rav, who said that it is treated as the seventh day regarding the succah, we do dwell in the succah on that day. But according to Rebbe Yochanan, who said that it is treated as the eighth day regarding both the succah and the berachah, we do not dwell in the succah. The Ritva explains that Rebbe Yochanan holds that the very act of dwelling in the succah (even without the berachah) indicates that the day is possibly the seventh day of Succos, which is only Chol HaMoed, and thus might cause people to treat the Yom Tov more lightly. The Gemara concludes that the halachah is that we dwell in the succah on the eighth day but do not recite a לישב בסוכה.
- אומרים זמן בשמיני של חג ואין אומרים זמן בשביעי של פסח
Rebbe Yochanan said: אומרים זמן בשמיני של חג ואין אומרים זמן בשביעי של פסח – We recite a Shehechiyanu on Shemini Atzeres but not on the seventh day of Pesach. Rebbe Levi bar Chama said, and others say it was Rebbe Chama bar Chanina, that Shemini Atzeres is considered a separate holiday שהרי חלוק בשלשה דברים – because it is different from the seven days of Succos that precede it, in three ways: בסוכה ולולב וניסוך המים – in regard to succah, lulav and the water libations. The Gemara asks that שביעי של פסח should requires a Shehechiyanu as well, since it is different from the first day of Pesach in that there is no mitzvah to eat matzah, like the first night. The Gemara answers, that while it is different from the first night of Pesach, it is not different from the first day of Pesach, when there is no chiyuv to eat matzah, as opposed to Shemini Atzeres, which is different even from the first day. Ravina said, זה חלוק משלפניו וזה חלוק משלפני פניו – This eighth day is different from the day immediately preceding it, whereas the seventh day of Pesach is only different from a day which is prior to the days that precede it, meaning, the first day.
- Shemina Atzeres also requires לינה, tarrying overnight
It was taught in a Baraisa that Rebbe Yehudah said, that just as the seven days of Succos require קרבן שיר ברכה ולינה, - bringing a korban, the shir by the Leviim, its own beracha, and tarrying overnight, so too Shemini Atzeres requires the same. The Gemara questions whether Shemini Atzeres requires לינה, based on a Baraisa where Rebbe Yehudah said that Pesach Sheini does not require לינה, since the passuk, ופנית בבקר והלכת לאהלך – and you may turn back in the morning and go to your tents, is juxtaposed to the next passuk, "ששת ימים תאכל מצות" – for six days you shall eat matzos. Only that which requires an observance of six days, requires לינה. The Gemara suggests that this would also exclude Shemini Atzeres, but then answers that it only excludes Pesach Sheini, which is similar to Pesach Rishon. Rashi says that since the passuk discusses Pesach, the exclusion is only to another Pesach-like holiday..
