Siman - Succah Daf 15
- תקרה שאין עליה מעזיבה
The next Mishnah states, תקרה שאין עליה מעזיבה – A roof of boards that has no plaster on it, Rebbe Yehuda says that Beis Shammai and Beis Hillel disagree over what must be done to it to render it kosher as s’chach. Beis Shammai says מפקפק ונוטל אחת מבינתים – one loosens the boards and takes out one board from between every two boards. Rashi explains that מפקפק means that he loosens the boards and shakes them, which is the equivalent of a new installation. This resolves the problem of תעשה ולא מן העשוי. He then fills the spaces with valid s’chach. The Gemara clarifies that according to Beis Shammai, beams cannot be used as s’chach משום גזרת תקרה – because of a Rabbinic gezeirah against using boards that resemble a roof. Beis Hillel say, מפקפק או נוטל אחת מבינתים – one loosens them, or takes one board from between every two boards. Beis Hillel does not hold of גזירת תקרה and therefore only one of the two methods is necessary to overcome the problem that they were originally placed there for a house. Rebbe Meir says, .נוטל אחת מבינתים ואינו מפקפקRebbe Meir holds that four tefachim boards are passul for s’chach and need to be replaced with kosher s’chach. Once that is done, no other action is necessary.
- המקרה סוכתו בשפודין או בארוכות המטה
The next Mishnah states, המקרה סוכתו בשפודין או בארוכות המטה – One who makes a roof over his succah with spits, or with the sides of a bed, אם יש ריוח ביניהן כמותן כשרה – if there is space between them as wide as the items themselves, and he fills the gaps with kosher s’chach, the succah is kosher. The Gemara asks that the Mishnah is not in accordance with Rav Huna brei d’Rav Yehoshua, who holds פרוץ כעומד אסור – if the gaps in a partition equal the walled portion, it is forbidden to carry there, because we require that a majority of the partition be solid. It answers that Rav Huna would say that the Mishnah means a case of בנכנס ויוצא –where a spit would go in and out of each gap easily, meaning the gaps are wider than the spits. Therefore, when the gaps are filled with kosher s’chach, they will comprise the majority of the succah.
Rava answers, that the Mishnah can even be a case where the gaps were not enlarged slightly more than the width of the spits. Rather, אם היו נתונים שתי נותנן ערב – if the spits were placed lengthwise, then he places the valid s’chach crosswise across the top of the spits, and if he placed the spits crosswise, he would place the valid s’chach lengthwise. In these cases, the valid s’chach will exceed the passul spits.
- סככה בבלאי כלים פסולה
The Mishnah stated that the ארוכות המטה – the sides of a bed, are not valid as s’chach. The Gemara suggests that this supports the opinion of Rebbe Ami bar Tavyomei, who said, סככה בבלאי כלים פסולה – If one covered his succah with worn-out pieces of clothing, the succah is pasul. Although these pieces of fabric are no longer keilim, and should therefore be kosher, the Rabbanon were gozeir that since they were originally part of keilim that were mekabel tumah, they cannot be used as s’chach. The Gemara deflects this proof, for just as Rebbe Chanin said in the name of Rebbe, that a Mishnah in Keilim was referring to the long side of a bed with two short legs, or a short side with two legs, so too here, the Mishnah is dealing with the same case. Therefore, these sides of the bed are deemed keilim and are thus passul for s’chach.
