Siman - Pesachim Daf 86
- גגין ועליות לא נתקדשו
On the bottom of Daf 85b Rav said, גגין ועליות לא נתקדשו – The rooftops, and the upper stories of both Yerushalayim and the azarah, were not consecrated. The implication is that kodshei kalim, such as the pesach, could not be eaten there. The Gemara questions this ruling, as Rav said in the name of Rebbe Chiyah, כזיתא פסחא והלילא פקע איגרא – A kezayis for each registrant, and the sound of the Hallel, would crack the roof. Rashi explains that the singing was so loud that it would seem as though the roofs of Yerushalayim were cracking. This implies that they used to recite Hallel on the rooftops, and suggests that they ate the pesach on the rooftops as well. The Gemara answers that they ate the pesach on the ground and then recited Hallel on the roofs, and further clarifies that Hallel was recited after the meal concluded. Rashi explains that there was no longer a concern that people would carry some meat with them.
- שתי חבורות שהיו אוכלין בבית אחד
The next Mishnah states שתי חבורות שהיו אוכלין בבית אחד – If two groups were eating a single pesach in one house, which Rashi explains to mean that they all registered for the offering but when the time came to eat it, they chose to eat it in separate groups, then each group may turn their faces in different directions and eat. The Gemara says that the Mishnah is the opinion of Rebbe Yehudah, for it was taught in a Baraisa that the passuk states, "על הבתים אשר יאכלו אתו בהם" – on the houses in which they will eat it, מלמד שהפסח נאכל בשתי חבורות – this teaches that the pesach may be eaten in two groups. It might be thought that one who is eating the pesach, may eat it in two places, therefore, the passuk states, "בבית אחד יאכל" – in one house shall he eat it. The Gemara explains that even though the simple translation of the passuk is, “In one house shall it be eaten”, Rebbe Yehudah holds יש אם למסורת, that when expounding a word, primacy is given to its written form. Rebbe Shimon says when the passuk states, על הבתים אשר יאכלו אתו בהם, it teaches that one who is eating the pesach, may eat it in two places. Rashi explains that the expression, “they will eat it” refers to each individual. It might be thought that the pesach may be initially eaten in two groups, therefore the passuk states, בבית אחד יאכל – In one house it shall be eaten. Rebbe Shimon understands that initially the group must sit down together to eat the pesach in one place, and then individuals can move to another location. Rebbe Shimon holds יש אם למקרא, that when expounding a word, primacy is given to its pronunciation.
- Rav Huna brei d’Rav Nosson’s behavior as a guest
The Gemara relates that when Rav Huna brei d’Rav Nosson visited the home of Rav Nachman bar Yitzchak, the hosts were shocked by his behavior. When they offered him to sit on a couch, he seated himself. Rashi explains that they expected he would graciously decline and sit on the floor or chair, as per the regular custom. They give him a cup to drink and he accepted with the first offer, and he drank it in two gulps, and he did not avert his face while drinking. When they asked him about his behavior, he explained regarding sitting on the couch, כל מה שאמר בעל הבית עשה – Whatever the host tells you to do, do. He accepted the cup on first offer because, מסרבין לקטן ואין מסרבין לגדול – One may refuse a lesser man, but one may not refuse a great man. He drank in two drafts, because it states in a Baraisa that drinking in one draft is guzzling, drinking in two drafts is proper conduct, and drinking in three is haughty. And he did not avert his face because the Mishnah states that a kallah averts her face, which implies that it is not appropriate for a man to do so.
