Siman - Pesachim Daf 30
- Breaking earthenware pots used for chametz
The Gemara introduces a machlokes Rav and Shmuel regarding earthenware pots that were used for cooking chametz before Pesach. Rav said, קדרות בפסח ישברו – Earthenware pots used for chametz must be broken before Pesach. Rashi explains that Rav holds like Rebbe Yehudah that chametz after Pesach is assur b’hana’ah, and that such leftover chametz will forbid a mixture of similar kind, and although it will be a case of נותן טעם לפגם - it will impart a rancid flavor, Rav holds that it is still assur. The Gemara asks why Rav does not permit using the pots after Pesach with food שלא במינו, and answers that Rav was gozeir lest people come to prepare with them food that is במינו – of its kind.
Shmuel says that the pots need not be broken, but rather one can keep them for after Pesach whereupon he can prepare food with them בין במינו בין שלא במינו. Shmuel rules in accordance with Rebbe Shimon who says that mixtures are permitted after Pesach.
- Kneading dough with milk and greasing an oven with the fatty tail of a sheep
The Gemara brings a Baraisa that states, אין לשין את העיסה בחלב – we may not knead dough with milk, and if one did so the entire bread made from that dough is forbidden, מפני הרגל עבירה – since it might lead to sin, meaning that one may come to eat it with meat.
Similarly, we may not grease an oven with the fatty tail of a sheep, and if one did so the entire bread in the oven is forbidden, until one fires up the oven to burn away the fat. This implies that if the oven is fired up, the bread baked in it subsequently is permitted because the meat flavors in the oven are purged through the firing. The Gemara asks on Rav (brought in number 1.), that why does Rav say to break the earthenware pots, one can instead just burn the chametz out of them? The Gemara answers that the above case was referring to a metal oven, whereas Rav was referring to earthenware. Alternatively, both were earthenware, but in the above case it was a stove, which is fired on the inside where the heat is more intense, whereas Rav’s case was a pot, which is fired from the outside. The Gemara brings a third answer.
- Kashering keilim for Pesach
The Gemara discusses the kashering of keilim for Pesach.
- Knives used for chametz, both the handle and the blade need to be kashered, ברותחין ובכלי ראשון – with boiling water and in a kli rishon.
- Rav Huna b’reis d’Rav Yehoshua said, עץ פרור – wooden mixing spoons, מגעילו ברותחין ובכלי ראשון – one purges in boiling water and in a kli rishon. The Gemara notes that he holds כבולעו כך פולטו – in the manner that the kli absorbs the flavor, it expels it.
- Meriemar said that regarding an earthenware vessel, שאינו יוצא מידי דופיו לעולם – that it never leaves its state of defectiveness, meaning, whatever it has absorbed can never be successfully purged.
- It was said in the name of Shmuel that all keilim that were used for chametz while it is cold one may use for matzah on Pesach, except for a sourdough holder since the fermentation is intense, which causes the chametz to enter the vessel.
