Siman - Eruvin Daf 82
- If one was not informed about the eruv before Shabbos
The opening Mishnah of the eighth perek discusses setting up a communal eruvei techumin and states, וכל שקבל עליו מבעוד יום מותר – it is permitted to be used by whomever accepted to have his makom shevisa at the site of the eruv while it is still day, משתחשך אסור שאין מערבין משתחשך – but if he only accepted it after dark he is prohibited, for one cannot make an eruv after dark.
The Gemara suggests that the ruling that the eruv must be accepted while it is still day implies, אין ברירה – there is no retroactive clarification, because if there was ברירה the person could say after dark that the eruv was retroactively acceptable to him while it was still daytime. Rav Ashi rejects this proof saying that the Mishnah was distinguishing between הודיעוהו ולא הודיעוהו, a case where the makers of the eruv informed him of the existence of the eruv and where they did not inform him. Rashi explains that ברירה can only retroactively clarify, when the potential for clarification existed. In this case, the person had no knowledge of the eruv until Shabbos began.
- A child is included in his mother’s eruv
Rav Assi said, קטן בן שש יוצא בעירוב אמו – a child, even in his sixth year, can fulfill his obligation to make an eruv with his mother’s eruv. Rashi explains that she does not need to formally give the child ownership of the eruv as the child is considered a part of her and it is assumed that she had the child in mind since he cannot be without her.
- The quantity of food required for eruvei techumin
The next Mishnah asks, כמה הוא שיעורו – What is the quantity required for eruvei techumin? מזון שתי סעודות לכל אחד ואחד – Food for two meals for each and every person who want to participate in the eruv. Rebbe Meir says, מזונו לחול ולא לשבת – the quantity of food for weekday meals, not Shabbos meals. Rebbe Yehudah said, לשבת ולא לחול – for Shabbos meals and not for weekday meals. וזה וזה מתכוונים להקל – And both intend to rule leniently, meaning it is determined by the meal which is smaller. Rashi explains that Rebbe Meir holds that people eat more at Shabbos meals because of the tastiness of the food, whereas Rebbe Yehudah holds that people eat less at Shabbos meals because they eat three seudos on Shabbos.
Rav Yosef asked Rav Yosef brei d’Rava whose view does his father accept, and he answered that Rava accepted Rebbe Meir’s opinion of weekday meals. Rav Yosef said that he too accepts Rebbe Meir’s opinion for if one accepted Rebbe Yehudah’s opinion that a Shabbos meal is smaller than a weekday meal, there is difficulty with the popular saying, רווחה לבסימא שכיח – It, referring to the stomach, leaves room for a tasty dish, which lends credence to the notion that people eat more on Shabbos because of the tastiness of the food.
