Siman - Eruvin Daf 38
- Shabbos and Yom Tov are two separate kedushos according to Rebbe Eliezer
The next Mishnah in the perek introduces a machlokes whether two separate eruvin are required in a case when Yom Tov falls on either Friday or Sunday. Rebbe Eliezer holds that an eruv can be made for one day without the other, or for both days in different locations. The Chochomim hold that only a single eruv can be used, and it must be in effect for both days. Otherwise, an eruv should not be used.
In the Gemara, the Chochomim challenge Rebbe Eliezer by saying that just as he agrees that one cannot make two separate eruvs for the same day, to be half of the day in the north and half of the day in the south, since a person cannot have two makom shevisas on the same day, so too he should agree that one cannot make two separate eruvs for two separate days. Rebbe Eliezer answers, התם קדושה אחת הכא שתי קדושות – There, in the case of one day, it is a single period of kedushah, whereas in the case of Yom Tov and Shabbos there are two separate periods of kedushah.
- The Rabbanon go l’chumroh because of a safek
In a Baraisa, Rebbe Eliezer challenged the Chochomim and asked that since they agree, שאם עירב ברגליו ביום ראשון – that if one made his eruv with his presence on the eve of the first day by staying in the desired location until night, if he wishes to extend his eruv for the second day he must make the eruv with his presence again on the eve of the second day, and similarly they agree that if one made his eruv with food on the first day and it was consumed, he would not be permitted to leave the city’s techum on the second day, so the Chochomim seemingly agree that Yom Tov and Shabbos are two separate periods of kedusha. The Gemara answers, רבנן ספוקי מספקא להו – The Rabbanon are unsure whether they are two separate periods of kedushah or one, and therefore they ruled l’chumroh in both cases.
- Rav holds an egg laid on Shabbos is prohibited on Yom Tov and vice versa due to hachanah
When Rav Huna died, Rav Chisda entered the study hall and asked if Rav really said that the halachah is in accordance with the opinion of four zekeinim who follow Rebbe Eliezer’s opinion that Yom Tov and Shabbos are two separate kedushos? If so, this would contradict another ruling of Rav who said that when Shabbos and Yom Tov occur on consecutive days, an egg laid on the first day is forbidden on the second day, which implies that Rav holds that the two days are one period of kedushah, otherwise what is laid on one day should be permitted on the next.
Rabbah answered that in Rav’s ruling regarding the egg, the egg is forbidden because of הכנה. Meaning, that it is forbidden to derive benefit from an item on Shabbos or Yom Tov that was prepared on an immediately preceding Shabbos or Yom Tov.
