Siman - Shabbos Daf 137
- Doing milah on the wrong baby
The next Mishnah in the perek states that if one had two infants to circumcise, one who turns eight days old after Shabbos and the other turns eight days old on Shabbos, and he forgot which one was which and circumcised the one due after Shabbos on Shabbos, that he is chayav for being mechallel Shabbos beshogeg.
Rashi explains that he was טעה בדבר מצוה ולא עשה מצוה, he was occupied in doing a mitzvah, but did not actually do a mitzvah. Instead he wounded the baby on Shabbos, and therefore he is liable a chatas for chovel - wounding.
If one infant turns eight days old on erev Shabbos and one turned eight days old on Shabbos, and he switched them, and did the one who turned eight days old on erev Shabbos on Shabbos, Rebbe Eliezer says that he is chayav a chatas, and Rebbe Yehoshua says he is patur. Rashi explains that according to Rebbe Eliezer, even though he did the mitzvah of milah, doing milah for an infant over eight days old is not docheh Shabbos. Rebbe Yehoshua, however, holds that he was טעה בדבר מצוה ועשה מצוה, he was occupied in doing a mitzvah and he did do the mitzvah of milah, and therefore is exempt.
- Days on which milah can be performed
The next Mishnah states that is possible for a child to have milah performed on the eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh and twelfth day, but not earlier or later. The milah is on the ninth if he was born on bein hashemashos. It is on the tenth, if he was born on bein hashemashos of erev Shabbos. It is on the eleventh, if in the previous case, the day after Shabbos is Yom Tov, and on the twelfth, if the two days of Rosh Hashana follow Shabbos.
- Berachos and tefillos at a bris
A Baraisa records the various berachos and tefillos which are recited at a bris.
• The mohel makes the beracha, על המילה, on the circumcision.
• The אבי הבן makes the beracha, להכניסו בבריתו של אברהם אבינו.
• Those standing there respond, כשם שנכנס לברית כן יכנס לתורה, לחופה, ולמעשים טובים , - Just as he has entered into the bris, so may he enter into Torah, Chuppah and the performance of good deeds.
• Then someone appointed, makes the beracha, אשר קידש ידיד מבטן – Who has sanctified the beloved one from the womb. Rashi explains that this is referring to Yitzchak who was sanctified in the womb for this mitzvah, since a year before his birth Avraham was told to circumcise his son.
The Gemara concludes with the beracha recited when a milah is done for a ger or eved canaani.
