Siman - Shabbos Daf 113
- Folding clothes and making beds
The second Mishnah on the Daf states that one may fold garments even four or five times on Shabbos and one may make the bed on Shabbos night for Shabbos day, but not on Shabbos day for motzi Shabbos.
Rashi explains that it was customary to fold a garment when it was taken off to prevent it from getting wrinkled. Since the garment had lost its stiffness due to laundering, it would become creased if it was not folded. Folding numerous times is permitted provided one still needs the garments for Shabbos.
Making the bed for motzi Shabbos is prohibited since one can not prepare on Shabbos for after Shabbos.
- How to act on Shabbos
The Gemara brings a passuk from Yeshaya (58:13) on the subject of how to act on Shabbos.
• וכבדתו- And you should honor it. Your Shabbos garments should not be like your weekday garments.
•מעשות דרכיך – By not doing your ways. Your walking on Shabbos should not be like your weekday walking.
•ממצוא חפצך – From seeking your wants. Activities that further one’s financial affairs, are forbidden. The Gemara adds that “the wants” of Shomayim, i.e. mitzvos, are permitted. Rashi brings examples such as pledging to give tzedaka, and arranging shidduchim,
•ודבר דבר – And speaking words. Your speech on Shabbos should not be like your weekday speech.
- Rashi understands this to mean that one should not speak about financial matters.
- Tosefos explains that one should not speak as much in general on Shabbos, even about topics that are permitted. The Gemara clarifies each of these restrictions.
- Bavel
The Gemara brings a number of Amoraic statements made about Bavel:
•Rav Ami said that anyone who eats of the dust of Bavel, it is as if he is eating the flesh of his ancestors. Rashi explains that it is referring to those that died there in galus.
• Reish Lakish said the reason that Bavel is called Shinar is, שכל מתי מבול ננערו לשם – Because all the dead from the Flood were dumped there.
•Rebbe Yochanan explained that the reason why Bavel was called Metzulah, “the Deep” is שכל מתי מבול נצטללו לשם – Because all of the dead from the Flood sank there.
