Siman - Shabbos Daf 69

• Shogegg according to the Rabbanim

There is a machlokes Amoraim regarding what qualifies as a shogegg to be liable a chatas according to the Rabbonim:

• Rebbe Yochanan holds that one is considered a shogegg if he was unaware that the punishment was kares, even though he acted b’meizid.

• Reish Lakish holds that one is only considered a shogegg if he was unaware that the act was prohibited and had the penalty of kares.

• One forgot which day is Shabbos

There is a machlokes Amoraim regarding what one does if he is walking on the way or in the desert and does not know which day is Shabbos:

• Rav Huna said that he counts six days and observes the seventh day as Shabbos. He holds that a person should count like the creation of the world, in which there were six days before Shabbos.

• Chiya bar Rav said that he first observes one day as Shabbos and then counts six days as weekdays. He holds the person should count like Adam. Just as Adam was created on a Friday and the next day was Shabbos, so too the person should count the next day as Shabbos, followed by six weekdays. His opinion is refuted.

• Distinguishing Shabbos via Kiddush and Havdallah

Rava states two halachos regarding the case when someone travelling does not know which day is Shabbos.

• The person can only work on the six days to provide enough sustenance to stay alive. The Gemara asked how the person is supposed to survive on Shabbos with no food and revised the halacha that he can also work on Shabbos and distinguish the day from the others via kiddush and havdalah.

• If the person remembers how many days ago he left but does not remember what day of the week it was, he can perform melachah on that entire day. He cannot assume though that he did not travel on erev Shabbos, giving him two days to do melacha, since sometimes a caravan is available and a person will depart on a Friday.