Siman - Shabbos Daf 38
- Eating food that was left on a kirah erev Shabbos that was not katum
Rav Yehuda bar Shmuel said in the name of Rebbe Abba who said in the name of Rav Kahana
who said in the name of Rav that initially one who cooked on Shabbos beshoggeg was permitted to eat the cooked food, whereas one who cooked b’meizid was not. The same distinction applied as well to one who left food on a kirah erev Shabbos that had no ketumah. Meaning that if he left it there on Shabbos by accident he was allowed to eat the food, but if he did it intentionally, he was not.
But when there was a proliferation of people who left food intentionally on kirahs that had no ketumah ,and they claimed that they had forgotten to remove it before Shabbos, the Rabbonim revised the law and forbade eating the food, even for one who forgot food erev Shabbos on a kirah that had no ketumah.
- Conditions for Chazarah
The Gemara brings opinions that qualify Beis Hillel’s ruling that one is permitted to do chazarah (return food) to the kirah that was garuf or katum:
Rebbe Zerika said in the name of Rebbe Abba who said in the name of Rebbe Taddai that one may only return food where the pot is still in his hand, meaning he never let go of it from the time he removed it from the kirah. If he placed it on the ground, it would be prohibited to return it.
There are two versions regarding what Chizkiyah taught. One version implies that chazarah is only permissible if the one who was still holding it in one’s hand, also originally intended to return it there. The other version that the prohibition to return the pot if it was placed on the ground was only if he had no intention to return it. If he did have intention to return it, then even if he placed the pot on the ground, he may return the pot to the kirah. This implies that if it was still in his hand, he could return it, even if he did not originally intend to return it.
- Roasting an egg
The Mishna states that one may not place an egg beside a hot kettle on Shabbos in order that it become slightly roasted (to the point that it could roll easily).
The question was asked, what one would be culpable for if in fact one slightly roasted an egg (beshoggeg). Rav Yosef answered that he would be liable to bring a chatas, since it is considered bishul m’doraysa (Biblically prohibited cooking).
