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Yadayim 4:1-2

Yadayim 4:1

On that day (i.e., the day that Rabbi Elazar ben Azarya was appointed head of the academy in Yavneh, as referenced in the previous mishna) the Sages voted and they decided that a footbath holding from two logs to nine kavs (i.e., from about a quart to about five gallons) that was cracked was susceptible to midras impurity (i.e., from being used as a seat); Rabbi Akiva said a footbath is what its name says it is (and not a seat).

Yadayim 4:2

On that day they said that any sacrifice not offered under its own name is valid but it doesn’t fulfill its owner’s obligations, excluding the Passover offering and a sin offering – the Passover offering when brought in its designated time and the sin offering at any time. Rabbi Eliezer also excludes a guilt offering, so it’s the Passover offering in its designated time and the sin offering and guilt offering at any time. Rabbi Shimon ben Azzai says that he received a tradition from the 72 elders on the day that Rabbi Elazar ben Azarya was appointed head of the academy that all sacrifices that are eaten, if not offered under their own name, are valid but they don’t fulfill their owners' obligations, excluding the Passover offering and a sin offering. Ben Azzai added the burnt offering (which isn’t eaten) but the Sages didn’t agree with him.

Author: Rabbi Jack Abramowitz