205. The Various Kinds of Heretics

Teshuvah 3:7

A person is classified as a min for five offenses: (1) denying that there’s a God or a ruler of the world; (2) accepting that there’s a ruler but maintaining that there are two or more; (3) accepting that there is only one ruler but maintaining that he has a physical body or form; (4) maintaining that God was not the first and the Creator of all else; (5) worshipping a star, a constellation, or anything else with the expectation that it will serve as an intermediary between him and God.

Teshuvah 3:8                                        

A person is classified as an apikorus for three offenses: (1) denying the existence of prophecy and maintaining that God never communicated His will to mankind; (2) denying the prophecy of Moshe; (3) maintaining that God is not aware of mankind’s actions.

A person is classified as a kofer for three offenses: (1) maintaining that even one verse or one word of Torah is not from God. If a person claims that something in the Torah is Moshe’s own insertion, he denies the Torah; (2) denying the Torah's interpretation via the Oral Law, or contradicting the Sages as Tzaddok and Beitus did; (3) maintaining that the Torah did come from God but that He rescinded the original Torah and replaced it with a different covenant.