Niddah 4:3-4

Niddah 4:3

Beis Shammai say that menstrual blood from a non-Jewish woman and pure blood (following childbirth) of a woman with tzaraas are ritually clean; Beis Hillel say that these are like their saliva and urine (i.e., ritually unclean when wet). If a woman does not immerse in a mikvah after childbirth, Beis Shammai say her blood is like her saliva and urine (i.e., ritually unclean when wet) but Beis Hillel say that these convey impurity whether they are wet or dry. Beis Shammai agree, however, that if a woman gives birth while a zavah, her blood conveys ritual impurity whether it’s wet or dry.

Niddah 4:4

A woman experiencing a difficult labor is a niddah. Rabbi Eliezer says that if she was in labor for three days during her eleven (zivah) days, her labor pains ceased for 24 hours, and then she gave birth, she is considered to have given birth as a zavah. Rabbi Yehoshua says that if labor pains ceased for a night and its day, it’s like Shabbos night and its day (i.e., a full day but not, for example, from noon one day until noon the next). We are discussing a situation where she had a reprieve from the pain, not from the blood.