Tohoros 10:3-4

Tohoros 10:3

Rabbi Meir says that once the olive workers or grape harvesters have been brought into the area of the cavern (where the mikvah is located), it is sufficient (i.e., we don’t suspect they will falsely claim to have immersed); Rabbi Yosi says that the employer must supervise the employees until they immerse. Rabbi Shimon says that if the workers consider their items to be clean, one must stand over them until they immerse but if they consider them unclean, doing so is unnecessary.

Tohoros 10:4

Let’s say that someone puts grapes into a wine press from baskets or from what’s spread out on the ground. Beis Shammai say that he must put them in with ritually-clean hands; if he puts them in with ritually-unclean hands, he renders them impure. Beis Hillel say that he may put them in with ritually-unclean hands and he may still take trumah from this in a state of purity. If the grapes are taken from the large basket or from what’s spread out on leaves (to save the juice), everyone agrees that the grapes must be put into the press with ritually-clean hands; if they are put in with ritually-unclean hands, they are rendered impure.