Parah 8:11-9:1

Parah 8:11

Ahab’s well and the cave of Pamyas are fit. If water has changed in appearance but the change came from itself, it is fit. An aqueduct that brings water from a distance is fit so long as it was watched to ensure that no one breaks the connection to its source. Rabbi Yehuda says that there’s a legal presumption that water from an aqueduct is permitted (so there’s no need to watch it). If some earthenware shards or dirt fell into a well, one must wait for the water to clear up; this is the opinion of Rabbi Ishmael, though Rabbi Akiba says that one need not wait.

Parah 9:1

Rabbi Eliezer says that if the smallest amount of unsanctified water fell into a flask of sanctified water, the person being sprinkled must be sprinkled twice; the Sages say that the water is invalid. If dew fell into the flask, Rabbi Eliezer says he should put it out in the sun so that the dew will evaporate, though the Sages rule the water invalid. If a liquid or fruit juice fell into it, it must be poured out and the flask must be dried (to remove any trace of the liquid). If ink, gum, copper dye or anything else that leaves a mark fell into it, the water must be poured out but the flask need not be dried (because if any trace remains, it’ll be visible).