Temurah 1:5-6

Temurah 1:5

Water is only turned into purifying water (for the red heifer ceremony) by adding the ashes. A beis hapras (a field containing a grave that was plowed) does not render another field a beis hapras. Trumah can’t be taken from trumah. Exchanging an animal for a temurah does not create another temurah, nor does exchanging an animal for a consecrated animal’s offspring. Rabbi Yehuda says that exchanging an animal for a consecrated animal’s offspring does make it temurah. The Sages replied that only consecrated animals can create a temurah, neither an offspring nor a temurah can create a temurah.

Temurah 1:6

The laws of temurah do not apply to bird sacrifices and flour offerings because the Torah specifies that it applies to animals. The public and joint owners of a sacrifice do not create a temurah because Leviticus 27:10 specifies that “he (singular) shall not exchange it.” Therefore, only an individual can create temurah but not the public or joint owners. Animals donated for Temple upkeep do not create temurah. Rabbi Shimon asked, if animal tithe is included as a sacrifice to which temurah applies, why does the Torah need to single it out specifically? This is to set it as the basis for comparison. Animal tithe is a private sacrifice – this excludes public sacrifices; animal tithe is offered on the altar – this excludes animals donated for Temple upkeep.