Chulin 1:6-7

Chulin 1:6

That which renders a parah adumah (red heifer) valid renders an eglah arufah invalid, and vice versa. (The parah adumah must be slaughtered while the eglah arufah must have its neck broken.) What is permitted regarding kohanim disqualifies Leviim, and vice versa. (Losing one’s singing voice disqualifies Leviim but not kohanim; physical blemishes disqualify kohanim but not Leviim.) Whatever doesn’t affect the ritual purity of earthenware vessels renders other vessels unclean (i.e., earthenware vessels are only rendered ritually unclean through their interior; other vessels through both their interior and their exterior); whatever doesn’t affect the ritual purity of other vessels, renders earthenware vessels unclean (i.e., its airspace even without contact, which only renders earthenware vessels unclean). Whatever doesn’t affect the ritual purity of wooden utensils renders metal utensils unclean (i.e., a wooden utensil isn’t susceptible to ritual impurity unless it has a receptacle, while a metal utensil is); whatever doesn’t affect the ritual purity of metal utensils renders wooden utensils unclean (i.e., metal utensils are not susceptible to ritual impurity until they are finished, even if they are usable; wooden vessels are susceptible to ritual impurity even before they’re finished). When bitter almonds are obligated in tithes, the sweet ones are exempt; when sweet almonds are obligated in tithes, the bitter ones are exempt (the bitter ones are only edible when they are small, while the sweet ones are only edible once they have grown).

Chulin 1:7

Wine that is made by pouring water over grape skins and seeds that has not yet fermented may not be purchased with second-tithe money (because it’s essentially water) and it disqualifies a mikvah (if it falls in, as it is drawn water). Once it has fermented, it may be purchased with second-tithe money and it does not disqualify a mikvah (because now it’s wine). Regarding brothers who are partners in an inheritance, if they’re obligated to pay the kalbon (a surcharge on the half-shekel), then they’re exempt from animal tithes (this is when they have already divided their inheritance); if they’re obligated in animal tithes, then they’re exempt from paying the kalbon (this is before they have divided their inheritance). When a man has the legal ability to sell a daughter (before age 12), he does not receive the fine for her seduction (which starts at 12); when a man receives the fine for his daughter (again, age 12), he does not have the ability to sell her. When a girl has the right to refuse a marriage (in the case of an orphan married off by her mother and brothers), chalitzah (the ceremony to sever the bonds of yibum/levirate marriage) does not apply; when chalitzah applies, there is no right of refusal (mi’un). When the shofar is blown (to announce Shabbos or yom tov), havdalah is not recited; when havdalah is recited (after Shabbos or yom tov), the shofar is not blown. Therefore, if a yom tov falls on Friday, shofar is blown but havdalah is not recited; if yom tov falls on Sunday, havdalah is recited but the shofar is not blown. When transitioning from Shabbos to yom tov, one recites “the One Who distinguishes between holy and holy” in havdalah; Rabbi Dosa says “between the stringent holy and the lenient holy.”