Kiddushin - Daf 57
- ...כשם שקבלתי שכר על הדרישה
It was taught in a Baraisa about Shimon (or Nechemyah) Haamasoni: היה דורש כל אתין שבתורה – he would darshen every "את" in the Torah and explain what it was coming to teach, but when he reached the pasuk: "את ה' אלקיך תירא" – you should revere "את" Hashem, your G-d, he withdrew. Rashi explains he was afraid to equate the reverence required for Hashem with the reverence for anything else. His talmidim asked him: רבי כל אתין שדרשת מה תהא עליהם – Rebbe, what will become of all instances of את which you darshened until now? He responded: כשם שקבלתי שכר על הדרישה – Just as I received reward for the derashos I made, כך קבלתי על הפרישה – so I received reward for the withdrawal from the derashos. This continued until Rebbe Akiva came and darshened the את in the pasuk about revering Hashem: לרבות תלמידי חכמים – it comes to include talmidei chachomim for a reverence that should be like that of Heaven.
- Machlokes when צפורי מצורע become forbidden in benefit
The Mishnah taught that birds used in the metzora’s purification procedure are forbidden in benefit. The Gemara explains that their prohibition is derived from עגלה ערופה. Amoraim dispute when the birds become forbidden. Rebbe Yochanan says: משעת שחיטה – from the time of shechitah; שחיטה הוא דאסרה לה – it is the shechitah which forbids it in benefit. Reish Lakish says: משעת לקיחה – from the time of their taking for צפורי מצורע. Since their prohibition is derived from eglah arufah, we say: מה עגלה ערופה מחיים – Just as eglah arufah becomes forbidden in benefit while it is alive (because it is compared to other korbanos), אף ציפורי מצורע מחיים – so too, a metzora’s birds become forbidden in benefit while they are alive. The Gemara clarifies the time of eglah arufah’s prohibition: ירידתה לנחל איתן היא אוסרתה – its descent to the hard valley is what prohibits it. If so, the Gemara wonders, we should derive that just as עגלה ערופה is not forbidden from its taking, so too the metzora’s birds should not be forbidden from their taking!? It answers that whereas עגלה ערופה has another time when it could become prohibited in its lifetime (i.e., its descent to the נחל איתן), the birds do not.
- The prohibition of benefit בשר בחלב
The Gemara asks for the source for בשר בחלב – meat cooked with milk being prohibited in benefit. Rebbe Yishmael’s academy taught that the Torah says: "לא תבשל גדי בחלב אמו" – you shall not cook a kid in its mother’s milk, a total of three times. אחד איסור אכילה – One teaches a prohibition of eating meat and milk which were cooked together, ואחד איסור הנאה – one teaches a prohibition of benefiting from them, ואחד איסור בישול – and one teaches a prohibition of cooking meat and milk together.
The Gemara notes that the Mishnah disagrees with Rebbe Shimon ben Yehudah, who said: בשר בחלב אסור באכילה ומותר בהנאה – meat cooked with milk is forbidden in eating, but permitted in benefit. He compares it with the meat of a treifah, which is permitted in benefit.
