Gititn - Daf 78
- A woman who found the get behind her husband
The next Mishnah states: אמר לה כנסי שטר חוב זה – If he told her, “Accept this document of debt,” או שמצאתו מאחוריו – or she found [a document] behind him, קוראה והרי הוא גיטה – and she reads it and behold, it is her get, אינו גט עד שיאמר לה הא גיטיך – it is not a valid get until he tells her, “Here is your get.” Similarly, if he gave it to her while she was sleeping, the get is ineffective until he tells her, “Here is your get.” The Gemara asks why the get she found behind him takes effect after he tells her it is her get: הוה ליה טלי גיטיך מעל גבי קרקע – it is tantamount to telling her, “Take your get from the ground,” which is invalid because it lacks the required ונתן – placing the get in her hand. It first answers: ששלפתו מאחוריו – she pulled it from behind him (where it was tucked into his belt), thus receiving it directly from him, but the Gemara persists that he must give it to her. It then answers: דערק לה חרציה ושלפתיה – he bent his hip towards her, and she took it. In a Baraisa, Rebbe Shimon ben Elazar disagrees with our Mishnah’s ruling that he can say"הא גיטיך" afterwards, and he holds: לעולם אינו גט – It is never a get, עד שיטלנו הימנה – until he takes it from her, ויחזור ויתננו לה ויאמר לה הא גיטיך – and he gives it back to her and tells her, ‘This is your get.’”
- קרוב לה מגורשת, קרוב לו אינה מגורשת
The next Mishnah states: היתה עומדת ברשות הרבים וזרקו לה – If she was standing in a public domain, and he threw [the get] to her, קרוב לה מגורשת – if it landed close to her, she is divorced; קרוב לו אינה מגורשת – if it landed close to him, she is not divorced. מחצה על מחצה מגורשת ואינה מגורשת – If it was halfway, she is “divorced and not divorced” (her status is in doubt). The same applies to a thrown kiddushin, or payment of a debt. Rav explains the terms: ארבע אמות שלה זהו קרוב לה – Within her four amos is “close to her.” ארבע אמות שלו זהו קרוב לו – Within his four amos is “close to him.” Regarding “halfway,” the Gemara concludes that it refers to conflicting testimony, where one pair of witnesses says it was within his four amos (and invalid), and another pair says it was within her four amos and valid. Rebbe Yochanan says it can be considered close to someone even if it is one hundred amos away, and Rav Shemen bar Abba explained: הוא יכול לשומרו והיא אינה יכולה לשומרו – If he can guard it but she cannot guard it, it is considered “close to him,” regardless of its location. היא יכולה לשומרו והוא אינו יכול לשומרו – If she can guard it but he cannot, it is considered “close to her.” If both can guard it, or neither can, it is considered “halfway.” Finally, Shmuel told his son Rav Yehudah that it is only considered “close to her” where she can bend and pick up the get and instructed him to only validate a get which was placed in her hand.
- גט בידה ומשיחה בידו
Rav Chisda says: גט בידה ומשיחה בידו – If the get is in her hand, but a string attached to it is in his hand, אם יכול לנתקו ולהביאו אצלו אינה מגורשת – if he can pull [the get] and bring it to himself, she is not divorced. ואם לאו מגורשת – But if he cannot (because she is tightly gripping it, or because the string would snap), she is divorced. The reason she is not divorced when he can pull the get away is: בעינן כריתות וליכא – we need a complete severance for divorce, and it is lacking where he can retake the get.
