Gittin - Daf 7
- The prohibitions of music and wedding crowns
An inquiry was sent to Mar Ukva: זמרא מנא לן דאסיר – From where do we know that music is prohibited? Rashi explains this refers to music at parties. He answered from a passuk in הושע: "אל תשמח ישראל אל גיל בעמים" – Do not rejoice, Yisroel, in joy like the nations. Although there is another passuk prohibiting music, he sent this one because it even prohibits singing. The Reish Gelusa asked Rav Huna for the source forbidding "כלילא" – wedding crowns, which were worn by chossonim, and he responded that it was forbidden Rabbinically during the war of Vespasian. When Rav Huna left the room, Rav Chisda said the prohibition is hinted to in a passuk in which Hashem says: "הסיר המצנפת והרים העטרה" – Remove the turban and take off the crown. The passuk connects them to teach: בזמן שמצנפת בראש כ"ג עטרה בראש כל אדם – When the מצנפת is on the Kohen Gadol’s head, a crown may be on anyone’s head, נסתלקה מצנפת מראש כ"ג נסתלקה עטרה מראש כל אדם – but once the מצנפת is removed from the Kohen Gadol’s head after the Beis Hamikdash is destroyed, a crown is removed from everyone’s heads. When Rav Huna returned, he repeated that the law is Rabbinic; ”אלא חסדא שמך וחסדאין מילך" – however, your name is Chisda, and your words are charming. Mar bar Rav Ashi taught that the prohibition applies only to men, similar to the Kohen Gadol, but not to women.
- Even those with minimal means should give tzedakah
Rav Avira darshened a passuk that says: "אם שלמים וכן רבים" – Though they are united, and also many, to teach: אם רואה אדם שמזונותיו מצומצמין יעשה מהן צדקה – If someone sees his means of support are precise, he should still perform charity from them, וכ"ש כשהן מרובין – and certainly if they are plentiful. Rebbe Yishmael’s academy explained the next phrase, "וכן נגוזו ועבר" – still they will be shorn off, and it will pass: כל הגוזז מנכסיו ועושה מהן צדקה – Anyone who “shears” his possessions and performs charity with them, ניצל מדינה של גיהנם - is saved from the judgement of Gehinnom. This is analogous to two sheep passing through water, one of which was shorn and the other was not. The unshorn one, weighed down by its wool, could not pass through. Similarly, one who gives some of his possessions away to tzedakah, will pass safely through life and avoid punishment in Olam Habah. The next phrase, " ועניתיך" – and though I have afflicted you, teaches: אפי' עני המתפרנס מן הצדקה יעשה צדקה – Even a poor person supported by charity should perform charity. The concluding phrase, "לא אענך עוד" – I will no longer afflict you, teaches: שוב אין מראין לו סימני עניות – If he does so, [Heaven] no longer shows him signs of poverty.
- המביא גט בספינה
It was taught in a Baraisa: המביא גט בספינה כמביא בא"י – One who brings a get written in a boat is like one who brings one in Eretz Yisroel and does not need to say בפני נכתב. A second Baraisa says the opposite. The Gemara assumes the Baraisos discuss boats on rivers in Eretz Yisroel, and Rebbe Yirmiyah explains they reflect a machlokes about the status of such rivers: עפר חו"ל הבא בספינה לארץ – A plant grown in earth from outside Eretz Yisroel which was brought in a boat to Eretz Yisroel, חייב במעשר ובשביעית – it is obligated in maaser and shemittah, because it was nourished through the river, which has Eretz Yisroel status. Rebbe Yehudah says: אימתי בזמן שהספינה גוששת – When is this so? When the boat is touching the riverbed. אבל אין הספינה גוששת פטור - But when the boat is not touching the riverbed, it is exempt. Thus, the Rabbonon consider the river itself to be part of Eretz Yisroel, and Rebbe Yehudah does not. Abaye says both Baraisos can follow Rebbe Yehudah’s view, and the first Baraisa is a case where the boat is touching the riverbed and is therefore considered part of Eretz Yisroel. Rebbe Zeira added that a perforated wooden pot suspended in the air would be subject to the same machlokes, but Rava rejects the comparison.
