Nedarim - Daf 68

• The source of דבי רבי ימשעאל for the joint revocation of arusah

The academy of Rebbe Yishmael provided an alternate source for the joint hafarah of the father and husband of a naarah who is an arusah. The final pasuk about hafarah says: [These are the laws that Hashem commanded] בין איש לאשתו בין אב לבתו – between a man and his wife, between a father and his daughter, [in her youth, in her father’s house]. מכאן לנערה המאורסה שאביה ובעלה מפירין נדריה – From here (i.e., from the juxtaposition of the father and husband) we learn about a naarah who is an arusah, that her father and husband are meifir her neder jointly. The Ran adds that the closing words of the passuk, ”בנעריה בית אביה” - imply that it refers to a naarah (“in her youth”) who is an arusah (“in her father’s house”). The Gemara adds that the academy of Rebbe Yishmael uses the source Rabbah had brought on 67a (ואם היו תהיה) for another derashah made by Rabbah on 70a. Rabbah says that the passuk above teaches that a husband may revoke her nedarim שבינו לבינה – between him and between her, that affect their relationship (which will be defined in the next Perek).

• בעל מיגז גייז או מקליש קליש

The Gemara poses a question: בעל מיגז גייז או מקליש קליש – Does a husband, when being meifir an arusah’s neder, cut off half of the neder when he is meifir, or does he weaken the entire neder? Meaning, when the husband and father share the hafarah of an arusah, does each party revoke half of the neder, and the other half remains fully intact until the other revokes it, or does his hafarah halve the strength of the entire neder but it remains forbidden until the other party completes the process? [The Ran adds that the question could equally be asked about the father’s revocation]. The Gemara expresses a practical outcome of this inquiry: If an arusah made a neder not to eat two specific kezeisim of food, and the husband revoked the neder, and she subsequently ate both k’zeisim, does she receive malkos? If the husband’s hafarah cuts away half and the other half remains in full force, then eating the second kezayis (whichever it is) will incur malkos. But if the husband’s hafarah halves the strength of the entire neder, then both kezeisim remain prohibited, but not with the full force of the original prohibition to incur malkos.

• The Baraisa of the rules of נתרוקנה (when one party dies)

The Gemara presents a proof to the above question by bringing a lengthy Baraisa about the rules of נתרוקנה – literally emptied out, referring to when one party dies, and control of hafarah would potentially fall to the other. The first four cases are presented on this Daf, and the Gemara’s proof will be from the fifth case brought on the next Daf. These cases can be summarized as teaching two principles: If the husband dies and the right of hafarah falls to the father, he can be meifir the neder (provided the husband did not confirm it). This is true whether the husband died without confirming the neder (case 1), or if he died after having revoked (case 3), which voids his hafarah. In contrast, if the father died and the right of hafarah is henceforth the domain of the husband, he cannot revoke nedarim made beforehand. This is true whether the father revoked and died (case 3), or the husband revoked, and the father died before hearing of the neder (case 4). The Ran writes at length explaining the novelty of each case.