Yevamos - Daf 100
- Distributing maaser ani to a woman first to save her from disgrace
It was taught in a Baraisa: העבד והאשה אין חולקין להם תרומה בבית הגרנות - We do not distribute terumah to a slave or woman at the granary, ובמקום שחולקין נותנין לאשה תחלה ופוטרן אותה מיד – but in a place where they do distribute to them, we give the woman first, and have her leave immediately. After noting the inherent contradiction within the Mishnah, whether terumah is distributed to a woman or not, the Gemara explains that the Baraisa is saying: במקום שחולקין מעשר עני נותנין לאשה תחלה משום זילותא – In a place where we distribute maaser ani, which is given both to men and women, we give the woman first because of the disgrace that the woman would face for having to wait for her turn among a crowd of men. Rava said that initially when he would judge cases, he would judge the men first, אמינא דמיחייב במצות – for I thought that a man is chayav in all mitzvos, and therefore should take precedence. Once I heard this ruling, I began to judge the women’s cases first משום זילותא – because of her disgrace for having to wait among men for her case to be heard.
- נותנין עליו חומרי כהנים וחומרי ישראלים - למנחתם
The Mishnah on Daf 99b stated that in a case where a Kohen’s wife’s son got mixed with her shifchah’s son, נותנין עליו חומרי כהנים וחומרי ישראלים – we put on each of the questionable Kohanim, the chumros of Kohanim and the chumros of Yisraelim. The Gemara here asks what this is referring to, and Rav Pappa said: למנחתם – It was taught regarding their voluntary minchah offerings. נקמצת כמנחת ישראל ואינה נאכלת כמנחת כהנים – It is subject to kemitzah like a Yisroel’s minchah but is not eaten like a Kohen’s minchah. How is this done? הקומץ קרב לעצמו והשירים קרבין בעצמן – The kometz is offered on the mizbeyach alone, and then the shirayim are offered on the mizbeyach alone. When the Gemara asks how this is done, given the rule that anything offered on the mizbeyach הרי הוא בבל תקטירו – is subject to the prohibition not to burn any of the remaining parts on the mizbeyach, it answers that the Kohen’s intent is to burn the remnants on the mizbeyach as firewood. This is in accordance with Rebbe Eliezer, who says that the passuk regarding the remnants, states: ל"ריח ניחוח" אי אתה מעלה אבל אתה מעלה לשום עצים – for a satisfying aroma, which implies that they may not be offered as a satisfying aroma, but they may be offered for the sake of firewood. The Rabbanon, who disagree with Rebbe Eliezer, hold that the remainder would be scattered on the בית הדשן – the ash heap.
- What the child who is a safek Kohen safek Yisroel does
The next Mishnah brings different cases related to when a woman did not wait three months after separating from her husband, married someone else, gave birth to a male, and it is not known if the child is the nine-month-old child of the first husband or the seventh-month-old son of the second husband. If one husband was a Kohen and the other a Yisroel, נושא אשה ראויה לכהן – the child must marry someone fit for a Kohen, and he may not become tamei from tumas meis, but if he did, he is not lashed. He may not eat terumah, but if he did, אינו משלם קרן וחומש – he does not pay the principal and the additional fifth. He may not receive terumah at the granary, but he may sell to a Kohen the terumah he separates and keep the proceeds. The Mishnah continues with what he does regarding kodshim.
