Eduyos 4:2-3

Eduyos 4:2

Everyone agrees that if an animal is born on yom tov, it may be eaten on yom tov, and that if a chick is hatched on yom tov, it may not. If a person slaughters a kosher wild animal (e.g., a deer) or a bird on yom tov, Beis Shammai say that he may dig with a spade for dirt to cover the blood. Beis Hillel say that one may may not slaughter an animal unless he had dirt prepared in advance (i.e., from before yom tov). They agree that if someone slaughtered without having dirt prepared that he must dig with a spade for dirt to cover the blood. Ashes from a stove are considered prepared for this purpose.

Eduyos 4:3

Beis Shammai say that if something is declared ownerless for the sake of needy people (so that they can just come and take it), then it is ownerless (and need not be tithed) but Beis Hillel say that something is not considered ownerless until it is ownerless even for the wealthy (so that anyone could take it), as is the case with sabbatical-year produce (which is free to anyone). If all the sheaves in a field are the size of a kav each but one sheaf is four kav (so, significantly larger) and the owner forgot that oversized sheaf, Beis Shammai say that it is not considered a forgotten sheaf that must be left for the needy (because it’s really four sheaves) but Beis Hillel say that it is considered a forgotten sheaf (because it’s a single sheaf, just a very large one).