Eduyos 4:12-5:1

Eduyos 4:12

If a man is lying under a gap in a portico, Beis Shammai say that he does not bridge the gap in order to transmit ritual uncleanliness but Beis Hillel say that a person is hollow and his upper side serves to convey the uncleanliness.

Eduyos 5:1

Rabbi Yehuda says that Beis Shammai rule leniently in six matters where Beis Hillel rule stringently, as follows: Beis Shammai declare one who touches the blood of carrion (neveilah) to be ritually clean but Beis Hillel declare him ritually unclean. Regarding the eggs of improperly-slaughtered birds (neveilah), Beis Shammai say they are permitted if they are similar to eggs sold in the marketplace (i.e., the shells are hard), otherwise not, while Beis Hillel prohibit regardless. Beis Shammai agree that the egg of a bird with a disqualifying defect (treifah) is prohibited because it grew under that defect. Beis Shammai say that the menstrual blood of a non-Jewish woman and the blood that a woman with tzaraas sees after giving birth are ritually clean but Beis Hillel say they are like her spit and her urine (i.e., ritually unclean when wet, ritually clean when dry). Beis Shammai say that a person who eats sabbatical-year produce (which is ownerless) may do so with or without thanking the owner of the tree or field but Beis Hillel say that one may only eat with an expression of thanks (in order to keep us from getting used to entering others’ property in non-Sabbatical years). Beis Shammai say that a leather flask with a hole can be tied and it remains insusceptible to ritual uncleanliness but Beis Hillel say the bottle is susceptible to ritual uncleanliness even if it is not tied.