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Zevachim 1:4-2:1

Zevachim 1:4

A Passover offering and a sin offering that were slaughtered under the wrong name, or whose blood was collected, carried or sprinkled under the wrong name, or under their own name and under a different name, or under a different name and under their own name, are invalid. “Under their own name and under a different name” means as a Passover offering and a peace offering. “Under a different name and under their own name” means as a peace offering and as a Passover offering. This is because a sacrifice can be invalidated by four things: slaughtering, collecting, carrying and sprinkling. Rabbi Shimon says it is valid if carried under the wrong name. This is because it is impossible to offer a sacrifice without slaughtering it, collecting the blood and sprinkling the blood but it is possible to offer a sacrifice without carrying the blood - one could simply slaughter the animal next to the altar and sprinkle the blood! Rabbi Elazar says that if one carries the blood where he has to go, then an improper intention renders the sacrifice invalid but if he carries it where he need not go, then an improper intention does not render it invalid.

Zevachim 2:1

If the blood of a sacrifice was collected by a non-kohein, someone bereaved (an onen), someone awaiting nightfall to be purified (a tevul yom), a kohein without all the proper garments, one who has to bring a sacrifice after immersion (like a metzora or a zav), a kohein who didn’t wash his hands and feet, or is uncircumcised, ritually unclean, sitting, standing on something, on an animal, or on another person's feet – in all of these cases, the sacrifice is invalid. Collecting the blood with the left hand invalidates a sacrifice, though Rabbi Shimon says that it is valid. If the blood was allowed to drain onto the floor and he collected it from there (rather than directly from the animal), the sacrifice is invalid. If he sprinkled the blood on the ramp of the altar not facing the base, or if he sprinkled above what should have been sprinkled below, or vice versa, or if he sprinkled inside what should have been sprinkled outside, or vice versa, the sacrifice is invalid but he has not incurred kareis (spiritual excision).

Author: Rabbi Jack Abramowitz