Siman - Taanis Daf 28
- זמן עצי כהנים והעם תשעה
The Mishnah on Daf 26a stated: זמן עצי כהנים והעם תשעה – The wood festival of the Kohanim and of the people, was nine times a year, and then continues with listing the families that brought wood on specific dates. On this Daf, a Baraisa asks why it was necessary for the Mishnah to mention the dates. The Chochomim explained the background. כשעלו בני הגולה לא מצאו עצים בלשכה – When the exiles ascended to Eretz Yisroel from Bavel, they did not find any wood in the לשכת העצים, ועמדו אלו והתנדבו משלהם – and these families stood up and donated wood of their own. וכך התנו נביאים שביניהן – and the prophets that were among them made the following condition, that even when the לשכת העצים is full of wood, these families will continue to donate wood of their own. Rashi explains that the Mishnah listed the specific date for each family, so that they will not be moved to another date.
- The Hallel of Rosh Chodesh is not a d’Oraysa
The Gemara asks why the Mishnah did not list Rosh Chodesh Nissan as a day when there was no maamad, since just like Rosh Chodesh Teves, it is a day when there is Hallel, a Mussaf and a wood offering. Rava said: This indicates that the Hallel of Rosh Chodesh is not a d’Oraysa. As Rebbe Yochanan said in the name of Rebbe Shimon ben Yehotzadak: שמונה עשר יום בשנה יחיד גומר בהן את הלל – There are eighteen days a year when an individual who davens alone must say the entire Hallel: The seven days of Succos and Shemini Atzeres, the eight days of Chanukah, Yom Tov Rishon of Pesach, and the Yom Tov of Shavuos. ובגולה עשרים ואחד – And in the Diaspora there are twenty-one days, which include the three days of Yom Tov Sheini for Shemini Atzeres, Pesach and Shavuos. We see from here that there is no chiyuv to say Hallel on Rosh Chodesh, and that is why the maamad is not suspended on Rosh Chodesh Nissan. Rashi clarifies that the Hallel on Rosh Chodesh Teves during Chanukah is different, since it was instituted in line with the minhag nevi’im that Hallel be recited whenever the Jewish people are saved from trouble, making it like a d’Oraysa.
- How it is known that the luchos were broken on Shiva Asar b’Tammuz
The Gemara inquires how it is known that the luchos were broken on Shiva Asar b’Tammuz. The Gemara answers that it was taught in a Baraisa: בששה לחודש ניתנו עשרת הדברות לישראל – On the sixth of the month the Aseres Hadibros were given to Yisrael. Rebbe Yose says: בשבעה בו – It took place on the seventh. According to the Tanna Kamma, they were given on the sixth and Moshe ascended Har Sinai on the seventh of Sivan, and according to Rebbe Yose, they were given on the seventh and Moshe ascended on the seventh, as the passuk states: "ויקרא אל משה ביום השביעי" – And He called to Moshe on the seventh day. It is also written: "ויבא משה בתוך הענן ויעל אל ההר ויהי משה בהר ארבעים יום וארבעים לילה – And Moshe came into the cloud, and he went up the mountain, and Moshe was on the mountain for forty days and forty nights. Since the date Moshe went into the cloud was the seventh of Sivan, it means that he was there for the last twenty-four days in Sivan, and the first sixteen days of Tammuz, and he descended on the seventeenth of Tammuz and broke the luchos.
