Siman - Rosh Hashanah Daf 32
The majority of this Daf discusses the berachos of מלכיות זכרונות ושופרות.
- The sources for the berachos of מלכיות זכרונות ושופרות
It was taught in a Baraisa that the source for reciting the berachos of זכרונות ושופרות is from a passuk that states: "שבתון זכרון תרועה מקרא קודש" – A rest day, a remembrance with teruah sounding, a holy convocation. "זכרון" אלו זכרונות "תרועה" אלו שופרות – When it states a remembrance, this refers to the berachah of זכרונות, and when it states teruah sounding, this is an allusion to the berachah of שופרות. When the Gemara asks where it is known that one also says a berachah dedicated to מלכיות, it brings a Baraisa that states: Rebbe says: When the passuk states "אני ה' אלקיכם" ו"בחדש השביעי" זו מלכות – I am Hashem your G-d, and then continues, in the seventh month, this is an allusion to the berachah of kingship. Rebbe Yose bar Yehudah says: This derashah is not necessary, for the passuk states: "והיו לזכרון לפני אלקיכם" – and they shall be a remembrance for you before your G-d. It is seemingly unnecessary to state afterwards, "אני ה' אלקיכם" – I am Hashem, your G-d. Why does the Torah state it? זה בנה אב – This creates the source for the following principle: לכל מקום שנאמר בו זכרונות יהיו מלכיות עמהן – For every place that pesukim of remembrance are stated, pesukim of malchios should accompany them.
- What the ten pesukim of malchios correspond to
The next Mishnah states: אין פוחתין מעשרה מלכיות מעשרה זכרונות מעשרה שופרות – We recite no fewer than ten pesukim of Kingship, ten pesukim of Remembrance and ten pesukim of Shofar. Rebbe Yochanan ben Nuri says: אם אמר שלש שלש מכולן יצא – If one recited three pesukim of each of them, he has fulfilled his chiyuv. The Gemara asks what the ten pesukim of malchios refer to, and Rebbe Levi said: כנגד עשרה הילולים שאמר דוד בספר תהילים – they correspond to the ten expressions of Hallel in Tehillim. The Gemara clarifies that this refers to those expressions of Hallel in Psalm 150, where it is written, "הללוהו בתקע שופר" – Praise Him with shofar blasting. Rav Yosef said that they correspond to the Aseres Hadibros. Rebbe Yochanan said כנגד עשרה מאמרות שנברא העולם – they correspond to the ten Divine utterances with which the world was created. When the Gemara notes that it only says ויאמר nine times in the opening of Bereishis, it answers "בראשית" נמי מאמר הוא – The creation of the heaven and earth mentioned in the first passuk were also done through a creative utterance, as it is stated: "בדבר ה' שמים נעשו" – By the word of Hashem, the heavens were made.
- Why Hallel is not recited on Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur
The Mishnah on 32b states: העובר לפני התיבה ביום טוב של ראש השנה השני מתקיע – The one who leads the tefillos on the Yom Tov of Rosh Hashanah, the second one, referring to the one who leads mussaf, causes the shofar to be blown. ובשעת ההלל הראשון מקרא את ההלל – But on an occasion when Hallel is said, the first one, who leads Shacharis, leads Hallel. The Gemara notes that the Mishnah implies that Hallel is not recited on Rosh Hashanah and asks for the reason. Rebbe Abahu said: The malachei hashareis said before Hakadosh Boruch Hu: Ribbono shel Olam: Why do the Jews not recite shirah before You on Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur? He replied: אפשר מלך יושב על כסא דין וספרי חיים וספרי מתים פחותין לפניו וישראל אומרים שירה – Is it possible that when the King is seated on the Throne of Judgment, and the Books of the Living and Books of the Dead are open before Him, the Jews should recite song?
