QUESTION: Why is it that one is not permitted to run on Shabbos?

ANSWER: Shulchan Aruch (301:1) writes that one may not run on Shabbos, except if one is running to perform a mitzvah. The Rema adds that one may also not take extra-large steps. This is derived from a pasuk in Yeshaya (58:13): v’chibadto mei’asos derachecha (“and honor [Shabbos], not doing your usual way”). The Gemara (Shabbos 113a) explains this to mean that one may not walk on Shabbos the same way that one walks during the week. Therefore, running, jumping, taking extra-long strides, or even extra walking which can be avoided are not permitted. The Aruch Hashulchan (301:44) explains that the Navi required that we walk on Shabbos in a peaceful manner, to show that this is a day of rest and enjoyment.

Therefore, Shulchan Aruch (310:2) writes that children who enjoy running are permitted to run. Adults who enjoy long walks on Shabbos are permitted to walk. What is not permitted is walking in a way that is exerting and not enjoyable.

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The Gerald & Karin Feldhamer OU Kosher Halacha Yomis is dedicated to the memory of Rav Yisroel Belsky, zt"l, who served as halachic consultant for OU Kosher for more than 28 years; many of the responses in Halacha Yomis are based on the rulings of Rabbi Belsky. Subscribe to the Halacha Yomis daily email here.